Lesson 1: Introduction to macOS

Question 1

Which two industry standards that Apple engineered and then shared with the developer community have contributed to the success of macOS?

Answer 1

Multicast domain name server (mDNS) for networking and the Swift programming language for writing software are two industry standards that Apple shared with the developer community and have contributed to the success of macOS.

Question 2

What is the default file system for all Mac computers running macOS Catalina?

Answer 2

The default file system for all Mac computers is Apple File System (APFS).

Question 3

Consider the situation of upgrading a Mac with a version of macOS earlier than macOS Catalina, with a startup disk that’s formatted with the macOS Extended (HFS+) Journaled.

What happens to the startup disk when you upgrade to macOS Catalina?

Answer 3

The startup disk is automatically converted to APFS when you upgrade to macOS Catalina.

Question 4

What are some of the new features of macOS Catalina?

Answer 4

macOS Catalina new features include the following:

• New apps: The Music, Podcasts, and TV apps are new in macOS Catalina.
• Apple Arcade: Gain unlimited access to more than 100 new games for Mac — all in a game subscription service unlike any other.
• Sidecar: Sidecar lets you extend your workspace by using your iPad as a second Mac display or to mirror what is on the main display. You can use Apple Pencil on your iPad to interact with supported Mac apps with Sidecar.
• Screen Time: Monitor usage, schedule downtime, and set limits for both apps and websites across all your devices.
• Zoom Display: If you have two displays, you can zoom both or keep one at standard resolution and use the other to remain zoomed in.
• Hover Text: Use Hover Text to zoom in on specific text by holding your pointer over any text on your display then pressing Command. macOS Catalina displays a separate window with large full- resolution text.
• Notes: Catalina brings a new gallery view to Notes. You can use the improved search feature to find exactly what you’re looking for in your notes. You can also share a folder of notes and collaborate with your team, and keep track of tasks using the new checklist options.
• Reminders: Apple completely redesigned Reminders in Catalina to give you more ways to stay organized with quick edit buttons for creating or editing reminders.
• Activation Lock: For Mac computers with the Apple T2 Security Chip, Activation Lock prevents someone from using your computer if it’s ever lost or stolen.
• Improved security: macOS Catalina runs in its own read-only system volume. The new Find My app combines Find My iPhone and Find My Friends into a single, easy-to-use app. Approve with Apple Watch allows you to double-click the side button on your Apple Watch to authenticate on your Mac.
• Accessibility: Voice Control lets users who don’t use traditional input devices control Mac, iPad, and iPhone entirely by voice. New tools allow users with low vision to zoom in on a paragraph of text or the entire screen.

Question 5

Which three apps replace iTunes on macOS Catalina?

Answer 5

The following three new apps, introduced with macOS Catalina, replace the functionality of iTunes:

• Music
• Podcasts
• TV

Question 6

Which privacy and security enhancements does macOS Catalina improve?

Answer 6

macOS Catalina privacy and security enhancements include the following:

• macOS Catalina runs in its own read-only volume, so it’s separate from all other data on your Mac, and nothing can accidentally overwrite your system files.
• Data protections: Apps must now get your permission before directly accessing files in your Documents and Desktop folders, iCloud Drive, and external volumes, so you’re always in control of your data. And you’ll be prompted before any app can capture keyboard activity or a photo or video of your screen.
• Find My: The new Find My app combines Find My iPhone and Find My Friends into a single, easy-to-use app on Mac, iPad, and iPhone. Find My can help you locate a missing Mac — even if it’s offline and sleeping — by sending Bluetooth signals that can be detected by Apple devices in use nearby. They can then relay the detected location of your Mac to iCloud so you can locate it in the Find My app. This process is anonymous and encrypted end-to-end so no one, including Apple, knows the identity of any reporting device. And because the reporting happens silently using tiny bits of data that travel on existing network traffic, you don’t need to worry about your battery life, your data usage, or your privacy.
• Approve with Apple Watch: Double-tap the side button on your Apple Watch to authenticate on your Mac. Unlock a locked note, approve app installations, and view your passwords in Safari preferences without having to enter one.

Question 7

Where can you access a guided tour to learn about new macOS Catalina 10.15 features and how to navigate your Mac?

Answer 7

You can see a guided tour in the Finder when you click the Help menu.

You can choose the following commands:

• See What’s New in macOS
• New to Mac? Tour the Basics
• Get to know your [computer model, like Mac mini or MacBook Pro]

See also: Use built-in help on your Mac

Question 8

How do you pause Voice Control and stop it from listening?

Answer 8

To pause Voice Control and stop it from listening, say ”Go to sleep” or click Sleep.