Lesson 1 (intro to hydrocarbons)

Question 1

What are the three main types of fossil fuels? And what are they created from?

Answer 1

Coal-> the remains of land-based organisms .
Petroleum (crude oil)-> the remains of marine based organisms.
Natural Gas (methane)-> made the same way as petroleum & usually found together in the same deposits.

Question 2

What is the importance of carbon?

( 4 points)

Answer 2

1) ability to make 4 colevnt bonds
2) can bond to itself in long chains (up to 1000 C’s.)
3) can make single, double, or triple bonds
4) can form straight chains, branched chains, rings, sheets, sphere’s, etc.

Question 3

What are the 3 types of hydrocarbons?

Answer 3

Aliphats (fats)
Aromatics (benzene based)
Derivatives ( O & N)

Question 4

What are the 2 types of Aliphats?

Answer 4

Saturated
&
Unsaturated

Question 5

Define saturated hydrocarbons.

Answer 5

• max # of H’s
• only single bonds (Alkaines)
• General formula: CnH2n+2

Question 6

Define unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Answer 6

• less than max # of H’s due to pi bonds
• Alkenes- have at least one double bond (gen. formula: CnH2n)
• Alkynes- have at least one triple bond (gen. formula: CnH2n-2)

Question 7

What are the 3 ways to draw hydrocarbons?

Answer 7

Structual diagram
Condensed structual diagram
Lined diagram

Question 8

List/ Name the prefixs for parent chains

*Note: -ane for single bonds, -ene for double bonds, and -yne for triple

Answer 8

1-meth 5-pent 9-non
2-eth 6-hex 10-dec
3-prop 7-hept 11-undec
4-but 8-oct 12-dodec

Question 9

List/ Name the prefixs for branch chains

Answer 9

2=di; 3=tri; 4=tetra; 5=penta; etc…