LESSON 1: GRAPHIC, LINGUISTIC, AND ETHIC DIMENSIONS OF PHILIPPINE LITERARY HISTORY

Question 1

WHAT IS LITERATURE?

Answer 1

From the latin word “LITERA” which means letter.

Question 2

1. _______expresses the feelings of people to society, to the government, to his surroundings, to his fellowmen, and to his Divine Creator. (Brother Azurin).
2. ______is anything that is as long as it is and feelings of the people, whether it is true, or just a product of one’s imagination.

Answer 2

Literature

Question 3

written by Atienza,
Ramos, Salazar and Nazal, it says that “true literature is a piece of written work which is undying. It expresses the feelings and emotions of people in response to his everyday efforts to live, to be happy in his environment and, after struggles, to reach his Creator.”

Answer 3

Panitikang Pilipino

Question 4

Ancient Filipino literature started with

Answer 4

Fables and legends

Question 5

Main themes of Philippine Literature

Answer 5

Precolonial Traditions and socio-political histories of its colonial and contemporary traditions.

Question 6

LITERARY HISTORY/EVOLUTION OF THE PHILIPPINES

Answer 6

1. Pre-Colonial
2. Spanish Colonial
3. American Colonial
4. Japanese
5. Contemporary

Question 7

The evolution of Philippine literature depended on the influences of colonization and the spirit of the age.

Answer 7

Pre colonial

Question 8

The first Filipino alphabet called _____ was replaced by the Roman alphabet.

Answer 8

Alibata

Question 9

was based on traditions and customs of a particular area of the country.

Answer 9

Indigenous Philippine literature

Question 10

Philippines is an archipelago country, consisting several islands, (_____ islands to be exact), and each of those islands has its specifications of cultures and traditions, bearing different set of native literature.

Answer 10

7,107

Question 11

were written on the perishable materials like dried leaves, bamboo cylinder, and bark of the trees.

Answer 11

Ancient literatures

Question 12

Literatures were handed down to us through the ______.

Answer 12

Word of the Mouth

Question 13

2 literary forms during the pre-colonial period:

Answer 13

1. WRITTEN LITERATURES
2. ORAL LITERATURES

Question 14

A pre colonial writtern literature. These are effective ways to inculcate the ability of logical thinking of a child.

Answer 14

Riddles or bugtong

Question 15

It reflects the hidden meaning through the good lines. It provides good values. Written pre colonial literature

Answer 15

Epigrams or salawikain

Question 16

It is used in witchcraft and enchantment.

Answer 16

Chant

Question 17

is a traditional poetry of Hanunoo Mangyans of Oriental Mindoro which teaches lesson about life. It is recited by parents to educate their children by the youth expressing their love, by the old to impart experiences, or by the community in tribal ceremony.

Answer 17

Ambahan

Question 18

This is a Filipino form of debate done in verse. The term is derived from the surname of Francisco Balagtas the author of Filipino epic Florante at Laura.

Answer 18

Balagtasan

Question 19

Sixteenth Century was the start of the deprivation of the indigenous Philippine literature. Spanish colonial government finally got in the scene. They were able to manipulate literature by monopolizing it under the religious orders. Literature evolves mainly on the themes of Spanish/ European culture and of course, the Roman Catholic religion.

Answer 19

The Spanish Colonial Period (1565-1863)

Question 20

Literary influences during Spanish colonization;

Answer 20

•Christian Doctrine or Doctrina Christiana
•Libro de la Lengua Tagala
•Pasyon

Question 21

was the first book ever printed in the Philippines in 1593 by the Dominican press.

Answer 21

Christian Doctrine or Doctrina Christiana

Question 22

by Fernando Bagongbanta .Tagalog translations to the Spanish lines, still the superiority of the Spanish language.

Answer 22

Libero De Lengua Tagala

Question 23

influenced by the Spanish contexts of Christianity, at least they embodied several Filipino sentiments and values (the feeling of Filipino mother towards a suffering son).

Answer 23

Pasyon

Question 24

Filipino writers in spanish became conscious for the search for freedom:

Answer 24

• Pasyon Dapat Ipag-alab ng Puso by Marcelo H. del Pilar
• Pascual Poblete’s Patnubay sa Binyagan
• Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
• Awit and Corrido
• Komedya. Francisco Baltazar’s

Question 25

by Marcelo H. del Pilar expressed his rebellious writing style was identified.

Answer 25

Pasyon Dapat Ipag-alab ng Puso

Question 26

Pascual Poblete’s _______ associated Filipinos’ struggle for independence with Jesus’ life.

Answer 26

Patnubay sa Binyagan

Question 27

Jose Rizal’s _______ made very powerful contributions among the Filipinos the introduction of rejecting Spanish rule. He also influenced the succeeding writers.

Answer 27

Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo

Question 28

The narrative poems ______ talked about world of royals, warriors and lovers (the basic concept in Florante at Laura).

Answer 28

Awit and Corrido

Question 29

Francisco Baltazar’s Florante at Laura embodied the concept of colonization and oppression which gave voice to their revolutionary action towards freedom.

Answer 29

Komedya

Question 30

This movement was spearheaded mostly by the intellectual middle-class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar; Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno.

Answer 30

The propaganda movement (1872-1896)

Question 31

Some of Rizal’s writing

Answer 31

Noli Me Tangere, Mi Ultimo Adios, Sobre La Indolencia Delos Filipinos and Filipinas Dentro De Cien Aňos.

Question 32

Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa (Love of Country), Kaingat Kayo (Be Careful), and Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes)

Answer 32

Some of Del Pilar’s writings:

Question 33

Some of Jaena’s writings:

Answer 33

Ang Fray Botod, La Hija Del Fraile (The Child of the Friar), and Everything Is Hambug (Everything is mere show), Sa Mga Pilipino…1891), and Talumpating Pagunita Kay Kolumbus (An Oration to Commemorate Columbus).