American, Japanese, Conteporary And 21st Century Flashcards
Philippine literature in Spanish was starting to lose its track on the first decade.
The American Colonial Period (1901-1941)
The poems of _________ novel, and many others discussed revolution and sentiments for patriotism and reform proved that Philippine literature was used to claim freedom from the colonizers.
Fernando Ma. Guerrero (Crisalidas), Balmori’s Se deshojo la Flor
Short story writers in ______ like Manuel Arguilla in his “A Son is Born,” was one of the foundations of the Philippine literature, not in Tagalog or in Spanish, but during this time, in English. Poetry in English was also founded.
English
The Japanese Period (1941-1945)
Philippine Literature was interrupted in its development when another foreign country, Japan, conquered the Philippines between 1941-1945. Philippine literature in English came to a halt. This led to all newspapers not to be circulated in the community except for TRIBUNE and PHILIPPINE REVIEW.
The common theme of most poems during the Japanese occupation was ___________.
•nationalism
•country
•love
•life in the barrios
•faith
•religion
•the arts
Three types of poems emerged during this period:
• Haiku
•Tanaga
• Karaniwang Anyo
a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines
Haiku
like the Haiku, is short, but it had measure and rhyme.
Tanaga
Usual Form of poetry
Karaniwang Anyo
This period started during the rebirth of freedom (1946-to present). The Americans returned in 1945. Filipinos rejoiced and guerrillas that fled to the mountain joined the liberating American Army.
The Contemporary Period (1946-present)
the Philippines regained its freedom and the Filipino flag waved joyously alone. The chains were broken.
July 4, 1946
Philippine literature in ______ was revived during this period of Contemporary.
Tagalog
Most themes in the writings dealt with of early contemporary
Japanese brutalities,
of the poverty of life under the Japanese government and the brave guerilla exploits.
Sub periods of Contemporary Period
Period of Activism (1970-1972)
Period of the New Society (1972-1980)
Period of the Third Republic (1981-1985)
Rebirth of Freedom (1986-present)
21st Century Period
Many young people became activists to ask for changes in the government. In the expression of this desire for change, keen were the writings of some youth who were fired with nationalism to emphasize the importance of their petitions.
Period of Activism (1970-1972)
The youth became completely rebellious during this period. This was proven not only in the bloody demonstrations and in the sidewalk expressions but also in literature. Campus newspapers showed rebellious emotions. The once aristocratic writers developed awareness for society. They held pens and wrote on placards in red paint the equivalent of the word ___________
MAKIBAKA (To dare!).
The irreverence for the poor reached its peak during this period of the mass revolution. It was also during this period that ________ that discredit our ways as Filipinos started to come out.
Bomba films
The period of the______ started on September 21, 1972. The Carlos Palanca Awards continued to give annual awards. Almost all themes in most writings dealt with the development or progress of the country –like the Green Revolution, family planning, proper nutrition, environment, drug addiction and pollution. The New Society tried to stop pornography or those writings giving bad influences on the morals of the people. All school newspapers were temporarily stopped and so with school organizations.
Period of the New Society (1972-1980)
Filipino Poetry during the period of the new society:
•patience,
•regard for native culture,
•customs and the
•beauties of nature and surroundings
The government led in reviving old plays and dramas, like the ________ which were presented in the rebuilt Metropolitan Theater, the Folk Arts Theater and the Cultural Center of the Philippines.
Tagalog Zarzuela, Cenaculo and the Embayoka of the Muslims
______ continued to be patronized during this period. The play series like Si Matar, Dahlia, Ito Ang Palad Ko, and Mr. Lonely were the forms of recreation of those without television. Period of New Society
Radio
A yearly Pista ng mga Pelikulang Pilipino (Yearly Filipino Film Festival) was held during this time. During the festival which lasted usually for a month, only Filipino films were shown in all theaters in Metro Manila.
Filipino Films
In this period of the New Society, newspapers donned new forms. News on ___________ and the like were favored more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape and robberies.
economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism
After ten years of military rule and some changes in the life of the Filipino which started under the New Society, Martial Rule was at last lifted on January 2, 1981.
Period of the Third Republic (1981-1985)
