Lesson 1: Computer Organization Flashcards

1
Q

It processes data by executing instructions.

A

Hardware

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2
Q

Provides input and output.

A

Hardware

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3
Q

Controls input, output and storage components.

A

Hardware

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4
Q

Its instructions tell hardware exactly what tasks to perform and in what order.

A

Software

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5
Q

The fundamental representation of facts and observations.

A

Data

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6
Q

Sharing data and processing among different systems.

A

Communications

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7
Q

It indicates flow of instructions and data.

A

Control unit

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8
Q

It indicates the control exercised by the control unit.

A

Arithmetic/Logic Unit

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9
Q

It reads the data and program from the User and converts them into acceptable form before sending it to the computer system before processing.

A

Input Unit

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10
Q

It accepts the results processed by the computer and converts them into readable and useful information to the user.

A

Output Unit

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11
Q

It is made of an integrated circuit designed to process instructions.

A

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

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12
Q

It controls and directs the transfer of program instructions and data between other units.

A

Control Unit

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13
Q

It performs arithmetic and logical operations.

A

Arithmetic/Logical Unit

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14
Q

These hold data that is being processed by the ALU.

A

Registers

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15
Q

It refers to the main storage of the computer, usually termed as Memory that holds data that is waiting to be processed, stored, or output.

A

Primary Storage Unit

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16
Q

It refers to the external storage devices used to store data on a permanent basis.

A

Secondary Storage Unit

17
Q

The most common type of computer which sits on the desk or the floor and performs a variety of tasks.

A

Desktop computer

18
Q

These are specialized computers which are more powerful than an desktop.

A

Workstations

19
Q

These provide access to network resources.

A

Network Servers

20
Q

It is the most basic of servers on the market. It costs and takes up as much space as an average desktop PC.

A

Tower Server

21
Q

This system stacks the servers in racks in much the same way that a CD rack stacks CDs.

A

Rack Servers

22
Q

It is the most compact server of the bunch for its ultrathin shape.

A

Blade Servers

23
Q

These can fit vertically into a single enclosure, sharing certain hardware components like power supplies.

A

Blade Servers

24
Q

Often colloquially referred to as BIG IRON, these are computers used mainly by large organizations for critical applications.

A

Mainframes

25
Q

This type of computer can handle thousands of users which they access through a terminal.

A

Mainframe

26
Q

It is the most powerful computer made to handle large and complex calculations and process trillions of operations per second.

A

Supercomputers

27
Q

It is the world’s fastest supercomputer in 2022.

A

Frontier (US)

28
Q

It is the number of basic mathematical operations a computer can perform in a second.

A

FLOPS (floating point operations per second)

29
Q

It designates equipment that might be added to a computer system to enhance its functionality.

A

Peripheral device