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Philosophy > LESSON 1 AND 2 > Flashcards

LESSON 1 AND 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Philosophy originally meant ________________.

A

“love of wisdom”

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2
Q

Philosophy is a ________ because the investigation is systematic.

A

Science

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3
Q

Philosophers uses their natural capacity to think or simply, human reason alone or the so-called unaided reason.

A

Natural light of Reason

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4
Q

He questions almost everything, if not everything,

A

Study of all things

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5
Q

It is a multidimensional or holistic.

A

study of all things

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6
Q

a principle is that from which something proceeds in any manner.

A

First cause of higher principle

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7
Q

The 4 First cause of higher principle

A

Principle of Identity
“ Non-contradiction
“ Excluded Middle
“ Sufficient Reason

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8
Q

Whatever is, is. and whatever is not, is not.
Everything is what it is.
Everything is its own being, and not being is not being.

A

Principle of Identity

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9
Q

it is impossible for a things to be and not to be at the same time and at the same respect

A

Principle of Non-Contradiction

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10
Q

a thing is either is or is not. Everything must be either be or not be.
Between being and not being, there is no middle ground possible.

A

Principle of Excluded Middle

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11
Q

nothing exists without a sufficient reason for its being and existence.

A

Principle of Sufficient Reason

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12
Q

4 branches of Philosophy

A

Epistemology
Metaphysics
Logic
Ethics/Axiology
Aesthetics

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13
Q

The knowledge of all things through their ultimate causes, acquired through the use of reason

A

Philosophy

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14
Q

Philos means?

A

Love

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15
Q

Sophia means?

A

Wisdom

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16
Q

“Philosophy studies all things”, thus all aspects of reality can be the object of philosophical study.

A

Material object of Philosophy

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17
Q

“Through their ultimate causes”, seeking the deepest explanation regarding the existence and nature of beings.

A

Formal Object of Philosophy

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18
Q

“Acquired through the use of reasons”, seeking the ultimate explanation that can be arrived at by applying reasoning to facts supplied by experience.

A

Natural Scope of Philosophy

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19
Q

Studies the nature of knowledge

A

Epistemology

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20
Q

studies and ask questions about the essence and existence of a being.

A

metaphysics

21
Q

concerned with “reasoning” or truth

A

logic

22
Q

concerns the matter of value/morality

A

Ethics/axiology

23
Q

Explore the nature of art, beauty and taste.

A

Aesthetics

24
Q

is really an extension of a fundamental and necessary drive in every human being to know what is real.

A

Metaphysics

25
Q

A Greek philosopher, that claims everything is water and everything we experience is water-which we call “reality” everything else is appearance.

A

Thales

26
Q

Socrates famous student- Nothing we experience in the physical world with our five senses is real. Reality is just the opposite. It is unchanging, eternal, immaterial, and can be detected only by the intellect.

A

Plato

27
Q

the branch of philosophy that explores the nature of moral virtue and evaluates human actions, generally a study of the nature of moral judgements.

A

Ethics

28
Q

“to be happy is to live in a virtuous life”

A

Socrates

29
Q

deals with nature, sources, limitations and validity of knowledge.

A

Epistemology

30
Q

general ideas are formed from the examination of the particular facts.

A

Induction method

31
Q

is the view that knowledge can be attained only through sense experience.

A

Empiricism

32
Q

D. The term “_______” comes from the Greek word ____, and reasoning is the concern of the logician.

A

Logic
loglike

33
Q

It concerned the truth or the validity of arguments regarding such subjects.

A

logic

34
Q

is the science of beauty in its various manifestations—including sublime, comic, tragic and ugly.

A

Aesthetics

35
Q

It vitalizes our knowledge—part of a play, a poem, story to give us insight, to help us see new relationship between separated items in our memories.
It helps us to live more deeply and richly- work of art, books, music, painting or television show.
It brings us in touch with our culture.

A

Aesthetics

36
Q

Who founded phenomenology?

A

Edmund Husserl

37
Q

the scientific study of the essential structures of consciousness

A

phenomenology

38
Q

is a defect in an argument other than it having false premises.

A

Fallacy

39
Q

Kind of appeal to emotion

A

Appeal to pity

40
Q

a claim in the absence of evidence. No definite proof.

A

appeal to ignorance

41
Q

words used in multiple meanings leading to confusion or false conclusions

A

words used in multiple meanings leading to confusion or false conclusions

42
Q

what is true for a particular one can be a truth by a whole.

A

Composition.

43
Q

taking an attribute of a whole or a class and assuming that it must also necessarily true of each part or member

A

Division

44
Q

criticizing the persons themselves rather than their beliefs or ideas.

A

Against the person

45
Q

appeals intimidation or use force to gain acceptance.

A

Appeal to force

46
Q

assumed that true events are related.

A

False cause

47
Q

when someone reaches a conclusions that is based on too little evidence.

A

hasty generalizations

48
Q

assumes that the statement is self-evident , but it requires proof.

A

begging the question

Philosophy (5 decks)

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