Lesson 1 Flashcards
What is anatomy?
How the body is made up.
What is physiology?
How the body functions.
Structural hierarchy
Chemical
Cellular
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
Chemical level
Atoms- combine to form molecules
Cellular level
Groups of living things that make us
Tissue level
Groups of similar cells that gave common functions
4 types of tissues
Muscle
Connective
Epithelial
Nervous
Organ level
Groups of more than 2 different tissue types
Ie liver, brain, blood vessels, skin
Organ system level
Organs working together
Ie cardiovascular system- heart, lungs, blood vessel work together
Organism level
Everything working together
9 essential functions to maintain life
*Maintaining boundaries
*Movement
*responsiveness
*digestion
*metabolism
*excretion
*reproduction
*growth
What do we need to survive?
*Nutrients
*oxygen
*water
*body temperature
*atmospheric pressure
Homeostasis
The bodies ability to maintain stable conditions
How does the body maintain homeostasis?
*endocrine system
*nervous system
Endocrine system
Hormones
Nervous system
Electrical impulses- control how we move & think
Variable
Factor that’s being regulated
Receptor
Sensor that monitors and responds
Control centre
Terminal that determines range that should be maintained
Effector
Carries out the response
Chain of homeostatic control
- Stimulus
- Receptor
- Input (afferent)
- Output (efferent)
- Response
Negative feedback
Body’s response to put us back into equilibrium, maintaining physiological function
Positive feedback
Controls an infrequent event that doesn’t require continuous adjustment
Some examples of Homeostatic imbalance
*high blood pressure
*dehydrated
*pain
*low oxygen
