Chemistry

Question 1

matter

Answer 1

the stuff of the universe- anything that occupies space and has mass

Question 2

mass

Answer 2

actual amount of matter in something

Question 3

mass vs weight

Answer 3

mass- actual amount
weight- affected my gravity

Question 4

states of matter

Answer 4

gas/ solid/ liquid
differences in shape and volume

Question 5

2 types of energy

Answer 5

kinetic
potential

Question 6

energy

Answer 6

capacity to do work / put matter into motion

Question 7

4 forms of energy

Answer 7

chemical
electrical
mechanical
radiant

Question 8

chemical energy

Answer 8

*stored in bonds of chemical substance
*where potential energy becomes kinetic
*ie bonds in apple break down and release energy

Question 9

electrical energy

Answer 9

when charged particles move across cell membranes

Question 10

mechanical energy

Answer 10

moving matter
ie riding a bike- legs are proving chemical energy

Question 11

radiant energy

Answer 11

energy that travels in waves
ie x-rays, microwaves

Question 12

what are elements

Answer 12

unique substances that cant be broken down into simpler substances

Question 13

what are atoms comprised of

Answer 13

protons
neutrons
electrons

Question 14

protons

Answer 14

*Define the element
*positive electrical charge in the nucleus

Question 15

neutrons

Answer 15

neutral in the nucleus

Question 16

electron

Answer 16

negatively charged in the surrounding space

Question 17

what do atoms combine to form

Answer 17

molecules
compound

Question 18

molecule

Answer 18

2 or more of the same element

Question 19

compound

Answer 19

2 or more of different elements

Question 20

Electron shell

Answer 20

“cloud” around nucleus

Question 21

orbital

Answer 21

regions around nucleus where electrons are found

Question 22

3 types of bonds

Answer 22

ionic
covalent
hydrogen

Question 23

ionic bonds

Answer 23

giving or taking of electrons
via anions
or cations

Question 24

anion

Answer 24

electron acceptor

Question 25

cation

Answer 25

electron donor

Question 26

covalent bonds

Answer 26

dont completely transfer atoms, share between 2

Question 27

hydrogen bonds

Answer 27

intramolecular bonds

Question 28

when do chemical reactions occur

Answer 28

whenever chemical bonds are formed, rearranged, or broken

Question 29

3 types of chemical reactions

Answer 29

synthesis
decomposition
exchange

Question 30

synthesis reactions

Answer 30

smaller particles bonded together to form larger molecules
ex amino acid molecules

Question 31

decomposition reaction

Answer 31

bonds are broken to form smaller molecules
ex glycogen

Question 32

exchange reactions

Answer 32

bonds both made and broken
ex ATP

Question 33

chemical mixture

Answer 33

substance composed of 2 or more different components that are physically intermixed

Question 34

solvent

Answer 34

substance present in greatest amount

Question 35

solute

Answer 35

whatever’s dissolved/in the solvent

Question 36

3 types of chemical mixtures

Answer 36

solution ex water
colloid ex jello
suspension ex blood