LESSON 1

Question 1

“Know Thyself ”

Answer 1

Socrates

Question 2

Philosophy employs the inquisitive mind to discover the ultimate causes,
reasons and principles of everything. It goes beyond the scientific investigation
by exploring all areas of knowledge such as religion, psychology, politics,
physics, and even medicine. Hence, the etymological definition of philosophy
“love of wisdom” could pertain to the desire for truth by formulating never
ending questions to provide answers to every inquiry about the nature human
existence. The nature of the self is a topic of interest among philosophers.

Answer 2

Know Thyself - Socrates

Question 3

“An Unexamined Life Is Not worth living”

Answer 3

Socrates

Question 4

the self issynonymous with the soul.

Answer 4

Socrates

Question 5

He believesthat every human possess an immortalsoul thatsurvivesthe physical body.
Socrates was the first to focus on the full power of reason on the human self: who we are,
who should be, and who we will become.

Answer 5

Socrates

Question 6

He was the first to focus on the full power of reason on the human self: who we are,
who should be, and who we will become.

Answer 6

Socrates

Question 7

is changeable, transient and imperfect.

Answer 7

Physical Realm

Question 8

is unchanging, eternal, and immortal. On the other hand, the
unchanging, eternal, perfect realm includes the intellectual essences of the universe,
conceptssuch astruth, goodness, and beauty

Answer 8

Ideal Realm

Question 9

He explains that the essence of the self-the soul is the immortal entity. The soul strives for
wisdom and perfection, and reason isthe soul’stool to achieve this exalted state. But then aslong as
the soul is tied to the body, the quest for wisdom is inhibited by the imperfection of the physical
realm, where it wanders and is confused.
Socrates thus suggests that man must live an examined life and a life of purpose and value. For
him, an unexamined life is not worth living. The individual person can have a meaningful and
happy life only if he becomes virtuous and knows the value of himself that can be achieved through
incessantsoulsearching. He must begin at the source of all knowledge and significance—-the self.
The Socratic Method- the so called introspection, is a method of carefully examining one’s thoughts
and emotionsto gain self-knowledge.

Answer 9

Socrates

Question 10

He suggests that man must live an examined life and a life of purpose and value. For
him, an unexamined life is not worth living. The individual person can have a meaningful and
happy life only if he becomes virtuous and knows the value of himself that can be achieved through
incessantsoulsearching. He must begin at the source of all knowledge and significance—-the self.

Answer 10

Socrates

Question 11

the so called introspection, is a method of carefully examining one’s thoughts
and emotionsto gain self-knowledge.

Answer 11

The Socratic Method

Question 12

the so called introspection, is a method of carefully examining one’s thoughts
and emotionsto gain self-knowledge.

Answer 12

The Socratic Method

Question 13

The Self Is An Immortal Soul

Answer 13

Plato

Question 14

The Self Is An Immortal Soul

Answer 14

Plato

Question 15

believes that the self is synonymous with the soul.

Answer 15

Plato

Question 16

believes that the self is synonymous with the soul.

Answer 16

Plato

Question 17

His philosophy can be explained
as a process ofself-knowledge and purification of the soul.

Answer 17

Plato

Question 18

He introducesthe idea of a three partsoul/self : reason, physical appetite and spirit or passion.

Answer 18

Plato

Question 19

is the divine essence that enables us to think deeply, make wise choices, and achieve a
true understanding of eternal truths.

Answer 19

Reason

Question 20

includes our basic biological needssuch as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire.

Answer 20

Physical Appetite

Question 21

includes our basic biological needssuch as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire.

Answer 21

Physical Appetite

Question 22

includes the basic emotions such as love, anger, ambition, aggressiveness,
and empathy.

Answer 22

Spirit or Passion

Question 23

believes that genuine happiness can only be achieved by people who consistently make sure
that their 1eason is in control of their spirits and appetites. This harmonious integration under the
control of reason is the essence of Plato*s concept of Justice. As such, if man lives in accordance to
his nature, then he is giving justice to his existence.

Answer 23

Plato

Question 24

World of Forms

Answer 24

Non physical Ideas

Question 25

world of sense

Answer 25

Reality

Question 26

“The soul is the essence of the self ”

Answer 26

ARISTOTLE

Question 27

believes that the soul is merely a set of defining features and does not consider the body
and soul as separate entities

Answer 27

ARISTOTLE

Question 28

He suggest that anything with life has a soul. Aristotle holds that
the soul is the essence of all living things.

Answer 28

ARISTOTLE

Question 29

His discussion about the self centers on the kinds of soul possessed by man.

Answer 29

ARISTOTLE

Question 30

he introduces
the three kinds of soul: vegetative,sentient, and rational.

Answer 30

ARISTOTLE

Question 31

includesthe physical body that can grow.

Answer 31

Vegetative Soul

Question 32

includessensual desires, feelings, and emotions.

Answer 32

Sentient Soul

Question 33

is what makes man human. It includes the intellect that allows man to
know and understand things.

Answer 33

Rational Soul