LESSON 1 Flashcards
“Know Thyself ”
Socrates
Philosophy employs the inquisitive mind to discover the ultimate causes,
reasons and principles of everything. It goes beyond the scientific investigation
by exploring all areas of knowledge such as religion, psychology, politics,
physics, and even medicine. Hence, the etymological definition of philosophy
“love of wisdom” could pertain to the desire for truth by formulating never
ending questions to provide answers to every inquiry about the nature human
existence. The nature of the self is a topic of interest among philosophers.
Know Thyself - Socrates
“An Unexamined Life Is Not worth living”
Socrates
the self issynonymous with the soul.
Socrates
He believesthat every human possess an immortalsoul thatsurvivesthe physical body.
Socrates was the first to focus on the full power of reason on the human self: who we are,
who should be, and who we will become.
Socrates
He was the first to focus on the full power of reason on the human self: who we are,
who should be, and who we will become.
Socrates
is changeable, transient and imperfect.
Physical Realm
is unchanging, eternal, and immortal. On the other hand, the
unchanging, eternal, perfect realm includes the intellectual essences of the universe,
conceptssuch astruth, goodness, and beauty
Ideal Realm
He explains that the essence of the self-the soul is the immortal entity. The soul strives for
wisdom and perfection, and reason isthe soul’stool to achieve this exalted state. But then aslong as
the soul is tied to the body, the quest for wisdom is inhibited by the imperfection of the physical
realm, where it wanders and is confused.
Socrates thus suggests that man must live an examined life and a life of purpose and value. For
him, an unexamined life is not worth living. The individual person can have a meaningful and
happy life only if he becomes virtuous and knows the value of himself that can be achieved through
incessantsoulsearching. He must begin at the source of all knowledge and significance—-the self.
The Socratic Method- the so called introspection, is a method of carefully examining one’s thoughts
and emotionsto gain self-knowledge.
Socrates
He suggests that man must live an examined life and a life of purpose and value. For
him, an unexamined life is not worth living. The individual person can have a meaningful and
happy life only if he becomes virtuous and knows the value of himself that can be achieved through
incessantsoulsearching. He must begin at the source of all knowledge and significance—-the self.
Socrates
the so called introspection, is a method of carefully examining one’s thoughts
and emotionsto gain self-knowledge.
The Socratic Method
the so called introspection, is a method of carefully examining one’s thoughts
and emotionsto gain self-knowledge.
The Socratic Method
The Self Is An Immortal Soul
Plato
The Self Is An Immortal Soul
Plato
believes that the self is synonymous with the soul.
Plato
believes that the self is synonymous with the soul.
Plato
His philosophy can be explained
as a process ofself-knowledge and purification of the soul.
Plato
He introducesthe idea of a three partsoul/self : reason, physical appetite and spirit or passion.
Plato
is the divine essence that enables us to think deeply, make wise choices, and achieve a
true understanding of eternal truths.
Reason
includes our basic biological needssuch as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire.
Physical Appetite
includes our basic biological needssuch as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire.
Physical Appetite
includes the basic emotions such as love, anger, ambition, aggressiveness,
and empathy.
Spirit or Passion
believes that genuine happiness can only be achieved by people who consistently make sure
that their 1eason is in control of their spirits and appetites. This harmonious integration under the
control of reason is the essence of Plato*s concept of Justice. As such, if man lives in accordance to
his nature, then he is giving justice to his existence.
Plato
World of Forms
Non physical Ideas
