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UTS > LESSON 1 > Flashcards

LESSON 1 Flashcards

1
Q

employs the inquisitive mind to discover the causes, reasons, and principles of everything.

A

Philosophy

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2
Q

It goes beyond scientific investigation by exploring all areas of knowledge such as religion, psychology, politics, physics, and even medicine.

A

Philosophy

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3
Q

Greek philosopher“the self is synonymous with the soul”.

A

Socrates:

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4
Q

is changeable, transient, and imperfect.

A

Physical realm

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5
Q

Two dichotomous realms:

A

physical realm
ideal realm

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6
Q

“An unexamined life is not worth living”

A

Socrates:

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7
Q

Socratic method, is a method of examining one’s thoughts and emotions to gain self-knowledge.

A

Introspection,

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7
Q

There-part soul/self:

A

Reason
Spirit/Passion
Physical appetite

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8
Q

Greek philosopherHe also believed that the self is synonymous with the soul.

A

Plato:

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9
Q

is the divine essence that enables us to think, make wise decision, and achieve true understanding of eternal truths.

A

Reason

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10
Q

in his Theory of Forms, he introduced the concepts of two worlds:

A
  1. world of forms (nonphysical ideas).
    2. world of essence (reality).
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11
Q

includes sensual desires, feelings, and emotions.

A

Sentient

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11
Q

Greek philosopher“The soul is the essence of the self”.
He suggested that anything with life has soul.

A

Aristotle:

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12
Q

includes physical body that can grow.

A

Vegetative

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13
Q

The Kinds of Soul:

A

Vegetative
Sentient
Rational

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14
Q

African philosopher“the self has an immortal soul”.

A

St. Augustine:

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15
Q

He integrated the ideas of Plato and Christianity.

A

St. Augustine:

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15
Q

includes the intellect of a man.

A

Rational

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16
Q

He believed that the body is united with the soul.

A

St. Augustine:

17
Q

He believed that the soul is what governs and defines the human person.

A

St. Augustine:

18
Q

”I am doubting, therefore I am”

A

St. Augustine:

19
Q

: French philosopher”I think therefore I am”.

A

Rene Descartes

20
Q

Two dimensions of the human self

A
  1. thinking self (soul).
  2. physical body.
21
Q

as nonmaterial, immortal, conscious being, and independent of the physical laws of the universe.

A

Thinking self (soul)

22
Q

is a material, mortal, nonthinking entity, fully governed by the physical laws of nature.

A

Physical self

23
Q

English philosopherthe human mind at birth is tabula rasa or blank slate.

A

John Locke:

24
Q

The self is constructed primarily from the sense experiences.

A

John Locke:

25
Q

is necessary to have a coherent personal (self) identity.

A

Self-consciousness

25
Q

Scottish philosopher
“There is no self”.

A

David Hume:

26
Q

What people experience is only a bundle or collection of different perceptions.

A

David Hume:

27
Q

The self constructs its own reality, actively creating a world that is familiar, predictable, and most significantly, mine.

A

Immanuel Kant:

27
Q

Distinct entities:

A

Impressions
Ideas

28
Q

are the basic sensations of people’s experience such as hate, love, joy, grief, pain, cold, and heat.

A

Impressions

29
Q

are thoughts and images from impressions and so, less lively and vivid.

A

Ideas

30
Q

German philosopher“We construct the self”.

A

Immanuel Kant:

31
Q

Austrian physician“The self is multilayered”.

A

Sigmund Freud:

32
Q

Three layers of the Self:

A

conscious
preconscious
unconscious

33
Q

British philosopher“The self is the way people behave”.

A

Gilbert Ryle:

34
Q

“I act therefore I am”

A

Gilbert Ryle:

35
Q

He concluded that the mind is the totality of human dispositions that is known through the way people behave.

A

Gilbert Ryle:

36
Q

American philosopher”The self is the brain”.

A

Paul Churchland:

37
Q

The self is inseparable from the brain and physiology of the body.

A

Paul Churchland:

38
Q

French philosopher
“the self is embodied subjectivity”.

A

Maurice Merleau-Ponty:

39
Q

The unified experience of the self is the paradigm or model that people should use to understand the nature of the self.

A

Maurice Merleau-Ponty:

40
Q

“I” is a single integrated core identity, a combination of the mental, physical, and emotional structured around a core identity of the self.

A

Maurice Merleau-Ponty:

UTS (6 decks)

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