Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q
  • categorised into 5 major groups
  • Largest and most diverse ‘kingdom’ of life on earth.
A

The Animal Kingdom

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2
Q
  • This is what you call single celled organisms
A

Unicellular

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3
Q
  • An organism consisting of many cells
A

Multicellular

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4
Q
  • They move around in some way; walk, run, swim, climb, dig, etc.
A

Motile/mobility

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5
Q
  • They don’t move around, but even they are motile at some point in their life cycle.
A

Sessile

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6
Q
  • Chemicals that are essential to keep organisms alive
A

Nutrients

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7
Q
  • An example of a direct source of a cell’s energy for breaking down organic molecules
A

Glucose/sugar

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8
Q

Organisms that must consume organic molecules and break them down for energy

A

Heterotrophs

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9
Q
  • Organisms that extract energy from the sunlight and don’t need organic molecules in their diet.
A

Autotrophs

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10
Q
  • A chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates (sugars).
A

Aerobic respiration

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11
Q
  • Producing energy without the use of O2.
  • more common in bacteria and some fungi
A

Anaerobic respiration

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12
Q

Producing energy without the use of O2.

A
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13
Q
  • Unit of energy
A

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

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14
Q
  • twice as efficient as storing extra energy as starch (happens in plants)
  • most efficient way to store energy for active animals.
A

Fats/oils

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15
Q
  • exact copies, clones, easier, quicker, doesn’t require a mate.
A

Asexual reproduction

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16
Q
  • unique combination of traits
  • produces variation which allows for adaptation and evolution
A

Sexual reproduction

17
Q
  • the series of changes that the members of a species undergo as they pass from the beginning of a given developmental stage to the same developmental stage in a subsequent generation.
A

Life cycle

18
Q

eg. Frog: embryo> larva > adult
eg. Human: embryo > fetus > juvenile > adult
eg. Butterfly: embryo > caterpillar(larva) > pupa > adult
eg. Fly: embryo > maggot(larva) > pupa > adult
eg. Clam: embryo > glochidium (larva) >adult

A

Examples of complex development

19
Q
  • change in form
A

Metamorphosis

20
Q
  • has a genetic basis
  • plays a major role in how animals interact with their environments and with each other
A

Behaviour

21
Q
  • behaviours can either be:
A

Instinctive or Learned

22
Q
  • taxes
  • reflexes
  • fixed action patterns
  • mimicry
  • camouflage
A

Instinctive Behaviour

23
Q
  • taxes
  • reflexes
  • fixed action patterns
  • mimicry
  • camouflage
A

Instinctive Behaviour

24
Q
  • imprinting
  • habituation
  • conditioning
  • courtship
  • reproduction
A

Learned Behaviour