lesson 1 Flashcards
refers to a change in the characteristics of organisms over time. Happens due to the need of organisms to survive and reproduce.
Evolution
fossils are the remains of organisms that have been preserved in different ways.
Fossil records
a scientist who studies fossil
Paleontologist
from the greek word petra, meaning “stone”) happens when the minerals in the groundwater are absorbed by the tissues of the dead organism, causing the organism to harden as a rock.
Petrification
provides support to evolution by comparing the body structures of different organisms.
Anatomical evidence
shows similarities in the body structures of different organisms with different functions. Ex. four limbed organisms
Homologous evidence
parts of an organisms that have been reduced in size significantly over time
Vestigial organs
similarities in early development are also used as evidence
Embryological evidence
used to compare proteins
Amino acid sequencing
introduced by Linus Pauling and Emile Zuckerlandl which measures the number of changes or mutations that occur in the gene sequences of different species from the past.
Molecular clock
predicted that the population of humans will grow faster than the amount of space and food that they need to survive.
Thomas Malthus
known for his theory of the inheritance of acquired traits. How organisms change over time
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
proposed the theory of extinction based on fossils
Georges Cuvier
theory of common descent based on Darwin’s theory of evolution
Alfred Wallace
coined the term homology, defining it as “different animals having the same organs but with different forms and functions”
Richard Owen
