Lesson 1

Question 1

• ________ is a branch of knowledge that seeks to understand and describe natural phenomena such as thunder, seed germination, and tidal waves.
• ________ is an intellectual activity wherein it refers to the process of systematic and objective investigation of the natural world.
• ________ is a personal and social activity in which it makes way for humans to have a better understanding of the world and their inner selves, realizing that science is connected with everyone’s life and the society

Answer 1

Science

Question 2

• _______ can be defined as an artifact from which it refers to products that are invented and are widely used by people such as a printer, the computer, and television.
• _______ refers to processes that benefit the different sectors of the economy in the field of agriculture, medicine, etc.
• ________ serves as a tool to improve and facilitate human living and social interaction with others.

Answer 2

Technology

Question 3

ANCIENT WORLD

In early times, human ancestors used tools made from (1.) ______ and ______ as technology during the (2.) _______. The use of these progresses as the early hunters developed skills and techniques to make (3.) _____ through fire. 4. _______ and ______ of people came to the development and advancement of this technology.

Answer 3

1. stones and woods
2. Stone age
3. weaponry
4. Interaction and migration

Question 4

ANCIENT WORLD

As population increases and food resources started to decrease, people switched from (1.) ______ to ________. Humans started to cultivate the land to plant different crops and domesticate animals as sources of meat and milk products. This lead to the (2.) __________, which started primarily in the (3.) ________.

Answer 4

1. foraging to agriculture
2. Agricultural Revolution
3. Middle East

Question 5

ANCIENT WORLD

Through the (1.) _______, many new plants and animals were cultivated and domesticated for human consumption and feedstock. Humans started to use, and metal and ceramic products. (2.) _____ is the first metal known and used by man in (3.) _____ BC. In this period, human settlement through town started.

Answer 5

1. Agricultural Revolution
2. Copper
3. 6500 BC

Question 6

The present perception and concept of science started in this period of (1.) ________, which began in the center of (2.) __________ interlocking between Greek and Roman civilizations. The (3.) ____________ particularly introduced the earliest form of the scientific method, which is based on observation and reasoning.

Answer 6

1. classical antiquity
2. mediterranean sea
3. Ionian School of Philosophy

Question 7

Many Greek philosophers who laid the foundation of modern day science arose in this period

Answer 7

Classical antiquity

Question 8

The significant philosophers of classical antiquity were ______, _______, _______.

Answer 8

Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle

Question 9

What BC?

(1.) ______ built the basic foundation of making a hypothesis, which is the initial building block of the scientific method for specific research in his known method of inquiry called (2.) _____. By applying this method, a specific problem or situation was broken down into a series of questions that need to be answered

Answer 9

Socrates (470 - 339 BC)
1. Socrates
2. elenchus

Question 10

What BC?

(1.) ______ highlighted the concept of having ‘proof’ in research. He emphasized a clear hypothesis of understanding nature and believed that all substances are made up of air, water, earth, and fire. _____ was a student of Socrates

Answer 10

Plato (427 - 37 BC)
1. Plato

Question 11

(1.) _____ initiated the discipline of using the deductive method of scientific inquiry. He established natural principles as achieved through careful observation, which is also an essential component of the scientific method. He was a student of Plato.

The center of scientific knowledge was established in the city of (2.) _____ in Egypt. In Africa, the ________, one of the first important scientific texts about ancient surgery methods, was made. Another, the scientific discipline of chemistry the fermentation, distillation, and tanning, was also established

Answer 11

Aristotle (384 - 322 BC)
1. Aristotle
2. Alexandria
3. Edwin Smith Papyrus

Question 12

Reasons why the progression of science and technology turned to decrease in the middle age.

Answer 12

Diseases
Poverty
War
Scarcity of food resources
Christianity

Question 13

He revived science in Europe wherein, he ordered the establishment of schools that became centers of knowledge and discovery.

Answer 13

Emperor Charlemagne

Question 14

The progression of science and technology turned to decrease due to the onset wars, and scarcity of food resources at the middle ages during ________

Answer 14

530 AD

Question 15

The latter part of the Middle Ages was considered to be the ____________. These explorations were made possible through the advancements in science and technology.

Answer 15

Age of Discovery and Exploration

Question 16

The need for Europe’s revival became more advantageous for science and technology . This marked the end of the Middle Age and the start of the Modern Age. The beginning of the modern age hastens technological advancements, primarily for __________ and _________

Answer 16

defense and trade.

Question 17

__________ is a cultural movement that is based on humanism, which a system of intellectual movement emphasizing the value of humans than supernatural powers. During this period, also became scientists such as Leonardo da Vinci.

Answer 17

Renaissance

Question 18

Benjamin Franklin and Sir Isaac Newton are the two significant members of this society

Answer 18

Scientific Revolution and foundation of England’s Royal Society

Question 19

The Scientific Revolution advanced the field of astronomy due to the invention of the (1.) ________.
The astronomers, (2.) __________ (1473 -573) became the center of controversy due to his model of ________, which was opposed by the church. This opposition marked the so called Copernican Revolution, a shift from a geocentric view of the universe to a heliocentric model with the Sun at the center of the Solar System

Answer 19

1. telescope
2. Nicolaus Copernicus
3. heliocentric universe

Question 20

Through the use of (1.) _____, many microorganisms were identified and the many types of diseases associated with them. This gave rise to the formulation of antibiotics to prevent growth of bacteria

Answer 20

1. microscope

Question 21

______ (1564 - 1642) was noted to be the leading figure of the Scientific. He introduced experimentation using the scientific method and led the development of modern science, making him the “father of the scientific method” and the “father of modern science”

Answer 21

Galileo Galilei

Question 22

The publication of his works on the biological classification made him the “father of taxonomy”.

Answer 22

Carolus Linnaues

Question 23

This age is also known as the period of ‘Enlightenment’, which highlighted the importance of logical reasoning.

Answer 23

Modern Age

Question 24

_________ (1643-1727) worked on Principia , which established the modern-day physics. He developed theories from observations and experiments and used the scientific method in the understanding of the natural world.

Answer 24

Sir Isaac Newton

Question 25

The invention of the steam engine by _________ (1736-1819) in ______ made many industrial processes possible. Because of this, many other machines that made things faster and more efficient were invented and paved the way for the Industrial Revolution.

Answer 25

James Watt
1765

Question 26

The invention of plastics in the ______ and ______ led to the development of new appliances a nd products made from plastics. However, plastics became a problem to the environment as significant pollutants affect wildlife habitat and humans because of its deficient ability to degrade

Answer 26

1940’s and 1950s

Question 27

The discovery of the DNA structure in _____ by James Watson and Francis Crick with the aid of Rosalind Franklin advanced the field of genetics and molecular biology, leading to the development of gene therapy and genetic engine ering.

Answer 27

1953

Question 28

The period of the Agricultural revolution occurred in ______ with the development of the pesticide Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane or more commonly known as DDT. Other inventions that greatly helped this period were hybrid seeds, organic/inorganic fertilizers, and farm machinery equipment. The agricultural revolution he lped the economy, especially the farmers, largely because of better food production. However, DDT was found out to destructive impacts on biodiversity and health. Hence, many movements for the environment emerged as society’s response

Answer 28

1940

Question 29

Moreover, the development of the internet, computers, softwares, and other digital technologies marked the beginning _________ or ________. These technologies also paved way for crowdsourcing, cyber warfare, e-commerce, and distance learning. The digital revolution has greatly affected the public. Nowadays, many people became addicted to using electronic games and social media

Answer 29

‘Digital Revolution’ or ‘Information Age’

Question 30

Since water bodies surround the Philippines, Filipinos created good technology in ________ in _____ AD. These ships were used for transportation, trading, and fishing

Answer 30

shipbuilding
1000 AD

Question 31

In the 16th century, ______ was used by the Filipinos during their battle against Spaniards. These good weapons include bows, spears, and swords. The agricultural industry became a good source of income through practices such as rice farming, crop production, l ivestock raising, and fishing, and forestry.

Answer 31

artillery

Question 32

The end Spanish regime developed only two science professions, the medicine, and pharmacy professions since the Philippines also became a predominantly a gricultural country. Industrial sectors such as the _______ and _______ industry were modernized due to the entry of foreign technology and investments. At the same time, other areas, such as weaving, declined because of a lack of support from the government.

Answer 32

sugarcane and tobacco

Question 33

Science and technology in the Philippines rapidly advanced due to _______. During the American settlement in the country, secularized public schools were established wherein the early educators were Americans. The University of the Philippines and the Philippine Normal College (now the Philippine Normal University) were established. Scientific knowledge and many technological advancements were taught primarily in those universities.

Answer 33

Americans

Question 34

In ______, the main research facility in the country until World War II was established. This was the ________ responsible for doing researches about science and technology. Since _____, ______, and ______ were the most frequent or common diseases, researchers focused on the development of the cure for such diseases. In _____, the ______________ was established to report scientific findings and observations of Filipino scientists.

Answer 34

1905
Bureau of Science
leprosy, dengue, and malaria

1906
Philippine Journal of Science

Question 35

The ‘_____________’ was established in ______ to promote scientific research. However, despite the increase in the number of scientists and engineers of the country, the Philippines still relied heavily on agriculture due to its vast resource of tropical crops. During the Commonwealth period, the government-supported many industries which made scientific productivity came to increase. Many Filipinos went abroad for post-graduate studies until World War II stopped the scientific and technological progress.

Answer 35

• National Research Council of the Philippines
• 1933

Question 36

In _____, the Bureau of Science was replaced by the ____________.

In _____, the _______________ was established to promote science among Filipinos.

Answer 36

1947
Institute of science

1952
Science Foundation of the Philippines

Question 37

Based on a study done in ____, there were four key reasons for the sudden decline of science and technology in the Philippines. These four key reasons include the
1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer 37

1957
1. lack of government support,
2. many outstanding scientists have died or went abroad,
3. low morale among local scientists, and
4. low awareness about general public science.