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HSTCYT > LESSON 1 > Flashcards

LESSON 1 Flashcards

1
Q

preparation, processing and staining of tissue sections for

microscopic study to be interpreted by the pathologist

A

HISTOTECHNIQUES

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2
Q

study of disease at the tissue level

A

HISTOPATHOLOGY

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3
Q

examined to determine the cause of death

A

Autopsy Materials

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4
Q

otherwise referred to as surgical or biopsy materials; examined to provide
a diagnosis

A

Surgical Materials

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5
Q

removal of cells from the area of abnormality
➢ considered as the simplest and least invasive method of collecting biopsy
specimens
➢ method of collection for fluid-containing tumors

A

FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION

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6
Q

removal of cells and small amount of surrounding tissue

A

CORE NEEDLE BIOSY

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7
Q

removal of cells with more surrounding tissue

A

INCISIONAL BIOPSY

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8
Q

removal of the entire area in question
➢ Ensure complete removal of the lesion
➢ Confirm that the diagnosis is correct

A

EXCISIONAL BIOPSY

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9
Q

removal of 3 to 4 mm cylindrical core of tissue samples
➢ small: 2mm; large: 4mm
➢ lesion should be at the center

A

PUNCH BIOPSY

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10
Q

removal of small fragments of tissue from a surface

A

SHAVE BIOPSY

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11
Q

removal of tissue or growths from body cavities

A

CURETTINGS

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12
Q

Storage of Specimen

A

1 month to 1 year

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13
Q

Storage of Tissue Blocks

A

3 to 10 years

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14
Q

Storage of Slides

A

Indefinite

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15
Q

Storage of Records (request and result forms)

A

Permanent

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16
Q
  1. Structural and chemical components to be studied
  2. Nature and amount of sample to be evaluated
  3. The need to provide an immediate diagnosis
A

FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN CHOOSING A METHOD

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17
Q

➢ No fixative required
➢ Examined using a Brightfield or Phase-Contrast microscope
➢ Stained with supravital or differential dyes

A

FRESH TISSUE EXAMINATION

18
Q

✓ Observation of physiologic processes or protoplasmic activities (motion, mitosis,
phagocytosis and pinocytosis)
✓ Relatively simple and easy to perform

A

ADVANTAGES OF FRESH TISSUE EXAMINATION

19
Q

✓ Limited use

✓ Liable to develop changes observed after death (putrefaction and autolysis)

A

DISADVANTAGES OF FRESH TISSUE EXAMINATION

20
Q

✓ Dissection or separation of tissue components in NSS or Ringer’s solution
✓ Examined as stained or unstained
✓ Anatomical relationship is destroyed

A

TEASING

21
Q

✓ Tissue (<1mm) is sandwiched between two slides
✓ Stain is applied on one side of the slide and allowed to spread via capillary
action

A

SQUASH

22
Q

▪ for cytological studies, especially for the diagnosis of cancer
▪ for sections or sediments
▪ performed using a wire loop, applicator stick or another slide

A

SMEARING

23
Q

✓ Uniform distribution in a direct or zigzag manner

A

Smearing-Streaking

24
Q

✓ Thick or mucoid specimens
✓ Teasing on a slide
✓ Maintains intercellular relationship

A

Smearing-Spreading

25
Q

✓ For the preparation of blood and bone marrow smears

A

Smearing-Pull-Apart

26
Q

✓ One side of a slide is allowed to touch a surface of the sample
✓ Intercellular relationship is maintained

A

Smearing-Touch

Preparation

27
Q

✓ Prepared using freezing microtome or cryostat
✓ For rapid diagnosis
✓ For delicate specimens

A

FROZEN SECTION

28
Q

➢ Performed by the medical technologist
➢ Check label and request form
➢ The specimen is given a label (numeric or alpha-numeric) which allows
easy accessioning/identification
➢ Request form should have a provisional diagnosis and brief clinical details

A

Specimen Accessioning/Identification

29
Q

➢ Performed by the pathologist
➢ Describing the sample macroscopically
➢ Weight and dimensions of the sample are determined

A

Gross Examination and Sampling

30
Q

Tissue Processing

A 
➢ Fixation
➢ Dehydration
➢ Clearing
➢ Infiltration
➢ Embedding
➢ Sectioning (+ Floating, Fishing-out, Drying)
➢ Staining
➢ Mounting
➢ Labelling
31
Q

✓ Used to locate the presence and position of mineral elements in the tissue
✓ Two duplicate sections of alcohol-fixed tissues

A

MICROINCINERATION

32
Q

✓ Injection of radioactive isotopes into organs
Fix→Section→Mount + Photographic Emulsion (Ag Halide)→Stain
✓ Determines the relationship and location of the isotopes and cells to be studied
✓ Provides qualitative and quantitative information

A

AUTORADIOGRAPHY

33
Q

process that makes use of aromatic oils

A

CLEARING

34
Q

reagent used to preserve tissues

A

FIXATIVE

35
Q

dye used in fresh tissue preparation &

examination

A

SUPRAVITAL

36
Q

reagent for dehydration

A

ALCOHOL

37
Q

performed to provide optical differentiation

A

STAINING

38
Q

process of removing water from the tissue sample

A

DEHYDRATION

39
Q

first step in tissue processing

A

FIXATION

40
Q

cutting embedded tissues into very thin slices

A

SECTIONING

41
Q

process of replacing aromatic oil with paraffin

A

INFILTRATION

42
Q

also known as blocking or casting

A

EMBEDDING

HSTCYT (6 decks)

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