Lesson 08: Southwest Culture Area - Pueblos People Flashcards
What are the cultures/inhabitants in the area? (name at least 3)
Mongollan, Ancestral Puebloan, Hohokan, Patayan
What is the most recent group that moved into the North of the area? (was the 5th group)
Athabaskan
Archaeologists refer to precursor of Ancestral Puebloan culture as ? phase
Basketmaker
? in adaptation of corn agriculture
Delay
Corn lacks necessary ?
Nutrient
? interfered with hunt
Harvesting
Animals, such as deer, acquire ? from licking mineral deposits in soil, which are then incorporated into their muscle tissue
Salt
Was necessary to drop ?? into waterproof basket or hide bag in order to boil liquid (water, broth, soup, etc.)
Hot Stones
First ? - round structures built into ground for performance of community rituals
Kivas
Ancestral Puebloan: Increasing Regional Interaction ??
Chaco Phenomenon
”??” of Ancestral Puebloan was between 900 and 1150 CE, period of greatest social and political complexity exhibited in region
“Golden Age”
? de ? in Arizona and ?? in Colorado were 2 such communities in area
Canyon De Chelly; Mesa Verde
? (“Vanished Ones” in O’odham) culture spans time period from around 200-1500 CE
Hohokam
Architecture include small, stepped ? (built with soil rather than stone), hardened clay ball courts and trade in Macaw feathers, turquoise mosaics and copper bells
Pyramids
Rumors of fables cities called ?? of ? or ??, came to Mexico from 2 brief visits by Spanish explorers to pueblo of Zuni in New Mexico in early 16th century
Seven Cities of Cibola or El Dorado
One Hopi myth involved mythical being names ? (“little white brother”) who would someday return to them and usher in age of peace
Pahana
In 1680, ?? was led by Tewa Indian and religious leader named ?
Pueblo Revolt; Pope
Pueblo warriors killed every ? and approx. 400 settlers, burned most of churches and ranches, destroyed Spanish settlement at Sante Fe
Priest
? is flatbread of cornmeal, water and woodash that is baked on greased slab of sandstone
Piki
Groups of male relatives worked agricultural land that they were allotted thro ? or ?
Birth or Marriage
? of ?? was another Pueblo religious tradition with significant ecological and economic implications
Blessing of Seed Ceremony
Family consisted of core of ? living with men who married into household
Women
Each pueblo had its own stories, about how various clans gathered form many places to “? of ?”
Center of Universe
Each lineage and clan had its own totemic entity called ?
Wuya
Wuya were source of identity and supernatural power and ? (human-made object believed to have supernatural powers) that represented this being was kept in ancestral house of clan
Wuya
There was usually someone who was referred to as village chief, but he was really more of benign ? who had no real coercive authority
Father
For ?, ancestors are considered so sacred that they are never spoken doubt by personal names but instead addressed as general category - eg. “the ancestors” or “our ancestors”
Zunis
Hopis believed that upon death, “??” (spirit or soul) of deceased journeyed to underworld and continued to exist as it did on Earth, tho it only consumed essence of food
Breath Body
?? took place in late August and was way to intercede with spirits and ancestors bring rain for good harvest
Snake Dance
Many ceremonies were held in ? - special ceremonial structures we have covered already during our discussion of ancient southwest
Kivas
they were no longer in their subterranea world, so people emerged thro Earth’s naval or ?
Sipapo
Conduction successful ceremonies required control of knowledge, behavior and ritual, and having “??”
“Good Heart”
? were spiritual beings that served as messangers and mediators of supernatural
Kachinas
For Hopi, this annual cycle began at winter solstice, ? when Kachinas traveled from their homes in San Fran Mountains to Kivas, where they emerged to help preform necessary rites
Powamu
?, for ex., was eagle Kachina
Kwahu
By doing outrageous things that are not permitted for ordinary people, ? break social norms
Clowns
