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Biology > Lession 1 - Nutrients Groups > Flashcards

Lession 1 - Nutrients Groups Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first nutrient group?

A

Carbohydrate

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2
Q

What is the second nutrient group?

A

Fat

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3
Q

What is the third nutrient group?

A

Protein

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4
Q

What is the fourth nutrient group?

A

Vitamins

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5
Q

What is the fifth nutrient group?

A

Minerals

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6
Q

What is the sixth nutrient group?

A

Fibre

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7
Q

What is the seventh nutrient group?

A

Water

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8
Q

What is malnutrition?

A

Malnutrition is the term used to describe an unbalanced diet.

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9
Q

What does malnutrition mean?

A

It means that a person is not eating enough or eating too much of a particular nutrient group.

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10
Q

What is the estimated percentage of the world’s population that is malnourished?

A

It is estimated that 2/3 of the world’s population is malnourished.

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11
Q

What is an example of malnutrition?

A

An example of malnutrition is obesity.

Obesity results from eating too much energy-rich foods high in fat or carbohydrates.

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12
Q

What are the health implications of obesity?

A

Obesity results in gaining weight, putting more strain on the heart, and increasing the likelihood of heart disease.

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13
Q

What is starvation?

A

Not having enough of any nutrient group.

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14
Q

Where is starvation most common?

A

In developing countries.

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15
Q

What is a likely cause of starvation in developing countries?

A

More famines.

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16
Q

What are the main nutrient groups?

A

Carbohydrates, Protein, Fats, Minerals, Vitamins, Fibre, Water

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17
Q

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

A

Provide us with energy

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18
Q

What are good sources of carbohydrates?

A
  • Milk
  • RICE
  • POTATO
  • PASTA
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19
Q

What is the primary function of protein in the body?

A

Growth and repair

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20
Q

What are good sources of protein?

A
  • CHICKEN
  • FISH
  • BEANS
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21
Q

What is the primary function of fats in the body?

A

Energy and insulation

22
Q

What are good sources of fats?

A
  • FRIED FOODS
  • BACON
  • BUTTER
  • MILK
  • CHEESE
23
Q

What deficiency problem can occur with inadequate food intake?

A

Starvation

24
Q

What is Kwashiorkor?

A

A deficiency problem from too little food

25
Q

What is the role of minerals in the body?

A

Bones and teeth health

26
Q

What deficiency problem is associated with a lack of calcium?

A

Rickets

27
Q

What is the role of vitamins in the body?

A

Essential for good eyesight and healthy skin

28
Q

What deficiency problem is caused by a lack of Vitamin C?

A

Scurvy

29
Q

What are good sources of Vitamin D?

A
  • OILY FISH
  • EGGS
30
Q

What is the role of fibre in the diet?

A

Adds bulk to food and keeps guts healthy

31
Q

What are good sources of fibre?

A
  • CEREALS
  • WHOLEMEAL BREAD
32
Q

What is the primary function of water in the body?

A

Used as a solvent and major transport medium

33
Q

What is the percentage of the human body that is made up of water?

A

70%

34
Q

Fill in the blank: Deficiency of vitamin A can lead to _______.

A

Problems seeing in low light

35
Q

What deficiency problem is associated with a lack of iron?

A

Anaemia

36
Q

What are the consequences of dehydration?

A

Major health problems

37
Q

What are good sources of water?

A
  • FRESH FRUIT
  • VEG
  • ALL DRINKS
38
Q

True or False: Rickets can lead to osteoporosis in later life.

A

True

39
Q

What is the role of calcium in the body?

A

Essential for bones and teeth

40
Q

What is a ‘bad diet’ or ‘poor diet’ commonly associated with?

A

An unbalanced diet

41
Q

What are two of the biggest dangers to our health related to diet?

A
  • Too much fat
  • Too much salt
42
Q

What do fats and oils provide in terms of energy compared to carbohydrates?

A

Fats and oils provide twice as much energy as carbohydrates per gram.

43
Q

What happens if there is too much fat in the diet?

A

Some fat is left in the blood vessels, narrowing them and putting strain on the heart.

44
Q

What can fatty deposits in the blood vessels trigger?

A

The formation of blood clots.

45
Q

What can occur if a blood clot gets stuck in the vessels feeding the heart muscle?

A

A heart attack.

46
Q

What is the result of a blood clot forming in a vessel going to the brain?

A

A stroke.

47
Q

Fill in the blank: Gram for gram, _______ provide us with twice as much energy as carbohydrates.

A

fats and oils

48
Q

What is too much salt linked to?

A

High blood pressure

High blood pressure can lead to cardiovascular diseases.

49
Q

What effect does high blood pressure have on the heart?

A

It makes it difficult for the heart to pump blood efficiently.

50
Q

How does high blood pressure affect the heart during exercise?

A

The heart cannot respond efficiently.

Biology (5 decks)

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