Lession 1 - Nutrients Groups Flashcards
What is the first nutrient group?
Carbohydrate
What is the second nutrient group?
Fat
What is the third nutrient group?
Protein
What is the fourth nutrient group?
Vitamins
What is the fifth nutrient group?
Minerals
What is the sixth nutrient group?
Fibre
What is the seventh nutrient group?
Water
What is malnutrition?
Malnutrition is the term used to describe an unbalanced diet.
What does malnutrition mean?
It means that a person is not eating enough or eating too much of a particular nutrient group.
What is the estimated percentage of the world’s population that is malnourished?
It is estimated that 2/3 of the world’s population is malnourished.
What is an example of malnutrition?
An example of malnutrition is obesity.
Obesity results from eating too much energy-rich foods high in fat or carbohydrates.
What are the health implications of obesity?
Obesity results in gaining weight, putting more strain on the heart, and increasing the likelihood of heart disease.
What is starvation?
Not having enough of any nutrient group.
Where is starvation most common?
In developing countries.
What is a likely cause of starvation in developing countries?
More famines.
What are the main nutrient groups?
Carbohydrates, Protein, Fats, Minerals, Vitamins, Fibre, Water
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
Provide us with energy
What are good sources of carbohydrates?
- Milk
- RICE
- POTATO
- PASTA
What is the primary function of protein in the body?
Growth and repair
What are good sources of protein?
- CHICKEN
- FISH
- BEANS
What is the primary function of fats in the body?
Energy and insulation
What are good sources of fats?
- FRIED FOODS
- BACON
- BUTTER
- MILK
- CHEESE
What deficiency problem can occur with inadequate food intake?
Starvation
What is Kwashiorkor?
A deficiency problem from too little food
What is the role of minerals in the body?
Bones and teeth health
What deficiency problem is associated with a lack of calcium?
Rickets
What is the role of vitamins in the body?
Essential for good eyesight and healthy skin
What deficiency problem is caused by a lack of Vitamin C?
Scurvy
What are good sources of Vitamin D?
- OILY FISH
- EGGS
What is the role of fibre in the diet?
Adds bulk to food and keeps guts healthy
What are good sources of fibre?
- CEREALS
- WHOLEMEAL BREAD
What is the primary function of water in the body?
Used as a solvent and major transport medium
What is the percentage of the human body that is made up of water?
70%
Fill in the blank: Deficiency of vitamin A can lead to _______.
Problems seeing in low light
What deficiency problem is associated with a lack of iron?
Anaemia
What are the consequences of dehydration?
Major health problems
What are good sources of water?
- FRESH FRUIT
- VEG
- ALL DRINKS
True or False: Rickets can lead to osteoporosis in later life.
True
What is the role of calcium in the body?
Essential for bones and teeth
What is a ‘bad diet’ or ‘poor diet’ commonly associated with?
An unbalanced diet
What are two of the biggest dangers to our health related to diet?
- Too much fat
- Too much salt
What do fats and oils provide in terms of energy compared to carbohydrates?
Fats and oils provide twice as much energy as carbohydrates per gram.
What happens if there is too much fat in the diet?
Some fat is left in the blood vessels, narrowing them and putting strain on the heart.
What can fatty deposits in the blood vessels trigger?
The formation of blood clots.
What can occur if a blood clot gets stuck in the vessels feeding the heart muscle?
A heart attack.
What is the result of a blood clot forming in a vessel going to the brain?
A stroke.
Fill in the blank: Gram for gram, _______ provide us with twice as much energy as carbohydrates.
fats and oils
What is too much salt linked to?
High blood pressure
High blood pressure can lead to cardiovascular diseases.
What effect does high blood pressure have on the heart?
It makes it difficult for the heart to pump blood efficiently.
How does high blood pressure affect the heart during exercise?
The heart cannot respond efficiently.
