Lenin's NEP Flashcards
When was it introduced?
21st March 1921 - 10th Party Congress
It continued for 7 years (until 1928)
What was the NEP?
Stopped the practice of requisitioning food.
Peasants now had to supply an amount of what they grew to the Government.
Any extra they were allowed to keep or sell for profit.
New Rouble was Introduced to end inflation.
Programmes of electrification continued and extended to rural areas.
Small factories (those employing less than 20 workers) were privatised.
However all important industries such as coal and steel remained nationalised.
Positive Impacts of NEP
Peasants were freed from requisition and allowed to engage in private enterprise.
Peasants were taxed on profit
Private enterprise was legalised and led to increased output and trade.
Rationing was ending.
Growth of industry:
grain Harvest 1921 = 37.6 million tonnes, 1924 = 56.6
Coal = 1921=8.9 , 1924= 16.1
Contributed to the one party state - Lenin ensured the Repression of rival views.
Negative Impacts of NEP
Viewed negatively as a step back into communism.
NEP men emerged (25,000 is Moscow alone) and controlled 3/4 of retail trade.
Scissor Crisis 1923- Scissor Crisis (1923): Industrial goods prices surged by 200–300% above pre-war levels while agricultural prices fell nearly 50% which discouraged peasants from selling surplus grain.
Political Impacts of the NEP
Some opposed it as it was viewed as a step backwards into communism so Lenin imposed the 1921 Ban on Factionalism to combat opposition.
The Cheka (Renamed the GPU in 1922) were given more power to root out counter revolutionary groups.
1923 - Nomenklatura system set up: The nomenklatura was a system in the Soviet Union where only trusted Communist Party members could fill important government, military, and industry positions.
