Lektion 7 - Intellectual Capital Statement Flashcards
1
Q
What is the difference between knowledge and knowledge ressources?
A
Knowledge:
- Intangible
- Not manageable
- Invisible
- Not describable
- Not changeable
- Not evaluable
Knowledge ressources:
- Tangible
- Manageable
- Visible
- Describable
- Changeable
- Evaluable
- Combinable
- Part of ICS
2
Q
What is the difference between tacit and explicit knowledge?
A
Tacit:
- Not teachable
- Not articulable
- Not observable in use
- Complex
- Element of a system
Explicit:
- Teachable
- Articulable
- Observable in use
- Simple
- Independent
3
Q
Describe the four knowledge processes
A
Socialization:
- From tacit to tacit knowledge
- Apprenticeship
- On-the-job-training
- Coffee breaks
- Group work
Externalization
- From tacit to explicit knowledge
- Dialogue
- Use of metaphors and analogies
Combination
- From explicit to explicit knowledge
- Documentation
- Coordination
Internalization
- From explicit to tacit knowledge
- Experience
- Learning by doing
4
Q
(!) Describe the four types of knowledge resources and knowledge resources in general
A
General:
- Knowledge resource + use value= Knowledge narrative
- Types must be seen both individually and in interaction
- Basis for knowledge management
Employees:
- Skills
- Personal competencies
- Experience
- Combine different employee-types & educations
- Motivation
- Commitment
- Willingness to adapt
Customers/users:
- Customer mix
- Relations to customers and users
- Satisfaction
- Loyalty
- Their referral of the company
- Insight into users’ and customers’ needs
- The degree of cooperation with customers and users in product and process development
Processes:
- (Sometimes business vs. knowledge processes)
- Innovation processes
- Quality procedures
- Management and control processes
- Mechanisms for handling information
Technologies:
- (Sometimes production vs. knowledge technologies)
- Technological support of the other three
- Focus is usually on the company’s IT systems
5
Q
(!) What is the definition of an Intellectual Capital Statement?
A
’’ An intellectual capital statement is an integrated part of company knowledge management. It identifies the company’s knowledge management strategy which includes the identification of its objectives, initiatives and results in the composition, application and development of the company’s knowledge resources.’’
6
Q
(!) Describe the reasons for having an Intellectual Capital Statement
A
General:
- Communicate strategy to company & world at large
- Translation-centre mobilize knowledge management
- Management and communication tool
- Keeps track of development of & results from the part of a company’s resources that relate to knowledge
- Major source of inspiration
- Exchange of experiences
- Possibility of comparing ICS
- Ensure that the project is on the right track
- Contributed to draft
- Ensure that the project is maintained
- Transfer of methods for recording of knowledge data
Internal objectives:
- Support strategy
- Ensure knowledge updates
- Ensure systematic knowledge sharing
- Implement systematic knowledge management
- Identify control indicators
- Management and recording of competencies
- Create innovation
External objectives:
- Show that HR is the most important asset
- Show that the organisation is innovative
- Attract new employees
- Show that knowledge is the most important asset
- Show that the organisation is flexible
- Supplement the financial reports
- Position themselves with respect to competitors
- Attract new and retain existing customers
- Creates understanding for company’s products/services
7
Q
(!) Describe the final model with the four elements
A
- Analysis of companys knowledge management
- Elements are interrelated
- Relevance only clear in context
- Has a ‘’therefore’’ and ‘’because’’ between them
- Often necessary to return to elements several times
- Creative activity: Meaning gradually developed
- Don’t work with details to early
- Should always be open to changes
- Complete at coherent relationship between elements
Initiatives –> Management challenges –> Knowledge narrative –> Indicators
8
Q
(!) Describe the help table
A
General
- Used to collect and structure material for the ICS
- Aims to find out why an initiative is important
- Provides an overview
- Exposes gaps between initiatives and objectives
- Company may need more material to fill all
- Cannot be completely filled straight away
- Based on the four knowledge ressources
- Increases creativity when working with initiatives
- Not a conclusion
- Expose management challenges and knowledge management ambitions
_____________
Y-axis:
- Knowledge ressources
_____________
X-axis:
Two status columns:
- Existing actions and initiatives
- Existing objectives and strategies
Two evaluation columns:
- Assessment of initiative effect
- Assessment of objective ambition level
9
Q
What are the check questions for the initiatives?
A
- Are the initiatives relevant to a problem?
- Do you know how each initiative works?
- Have initiatives been defined as a set of actions?
- Does every initiative have a (potential) manager?
- Have the initiatives been assigned a priority?
10
Q
What are the check questions for management challenges?
A
- Do MC show interrelationship between initiatives?
- Are the MC relatively long-term?
- Is there an interrelationship between the MC?
- Have MC been prioritized?
- Can a colleague understand the MC?
- Few enough MC to allow overview and do they form a whole relative to the company’s type and character?
- MC based on evaluation of strength & relevance of initiatives?
11
Q
What are the check questions for knowledge narrative?
A
- Are products or services & its users described?
- Is knowledge resources as basis for producing the company’s product or service described?
- Are the descriptions meaningful to a colleague?
- Is the difference the company’s product or service can provide for a user described?
12
Q
What are the check questions for indicators?
A
- Do the figures relate to the initiatives, and can this interrelationship be commented on?
- Do the figures give a fair picture of the company’s work with knowledge management?
- Are there both positive and negative figures?
- Are the figures relevant: necessary information highlighted and unnecessary is excluded?
- Is the figure reliable? Is the basic data coherent?
- Is the figure accessible in the company or will it be?
13
Q
(!) Describe what is meant by management challenges, give examples of typical challenges so as types of interrelated management challenges
A
General:
- Helps to organize the company’s initiatives and orient them towards the company’s knowledge management
- The help table guides the process toward the management challenges
- Looks at how initiatives work, which need to be strengthened and for which ambitions must be increased
- Control obtaining over critical initiatives
- Each management challenge is an umbrella for a series of different initiatives
- Difficult to work with more than three to five
- Highlight what has to be done if knowledge resources are to be developed
- Doing something about existing knowledge resources or introducing new ones
- Highlight the knowledge resources that need to be strengthened: E.g. Greater expertise in specific field
____________
Typical challenges:
- Recruitment, retention & development of employees & competencies
- Development of the company’s processes
- Mixing of knowledge & competencies across company
- Visibility in the market
- Building partnerships with customers
- Accumulating insight into users’ needs
- The development of access to / supply of external knowledge resources
____________
Types of interrelated management challenges:
- Informationsystems
- Cooperation between employees
- Individual expert or group of experts
14
Q
(!) Describe what is meant by knowledge narratives
A
- Explain the company’s knowledge management ambition and show how the company intends to realise it
- Interrelated course of events where elements are linked with words like ‘’because’’ and ‘’therefore’’
- Tells how the company’s knowledge resources can generate use value
- Can use a formulated vision as a basis, adding knowledge resources to it
- Shows the link between the company’s ambition and the associated knowledge resources
- Should be formulated at different stages while working with the intellectual capital statement
- Sum up, communicate & re-orientates what company’s skills & capacity do or must do for consumers, and which knowledge resources are needed within the company
- Difficult to complete at first attempt
- Express company’s ambition to increase the ‘’use value’’
- Show types of knowledge resources required to create ‘’use value’’ company want to supply
- Narrative because it merges the user’s and the company’s knowledge resources into a whole
15
Q
(!) What is meant by use value?
A
- The value the product or service generates for the user
- Helps define how the company should develop its knowledge resources
- Gradually becomes visible when more and more attention is systematically focused on what the product or service consists of and why it is important to some
- When well known, you know how product or service operates or can operate, when it operates best
- Important to define who is the user, how user use the product or service and which benefits it generate
