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AP Gov/Microeconomics > Legislative Branch > Flashcards

Legislative Branch Flashcards

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1
Q

How many senators are there?

A

100

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2
Q

How many years is 1 term for senators?

A

6 years

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3
Q

Who votes on senators

A

the whole state

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4
Q

What is the re-election cycle or senate?

A

a system in which only 1/3 of senate is up for reelection each term

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5
Q

How many house of representatives are there?

A

435

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6
Q

Who elects house representatives ?

A

congressional representatives

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7
Q

How is the amount of house representatives determined?

A

by population

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8
Q

How is the amount of senators determined?

A

each state gets 2 senators.

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9
Q

Redistricting

A

The process of drawing new district boundaries every 10 years within states

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10
Q

reapportionment

A

The process of determining how many representatives each state gets. Every 10 years, changes in population will be determined by a U.S. census, which will determine how many HOR will be given to each state

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11
Q

Partisan

A

a committed member of a certain political party

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12
Q

Federal Budget Process: : What is step 1 of the federal budget process?

A

The president submits a budget request to congress.

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13
Q

Federal Budget Process: What happens after a budget request is submitted into congress?

A

The House and Senate pass budget resolutions. (provides outlines for federal funding)

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14
Q

Federal Budget Process: What happens after House and Senate pass budget resolutions?

A

House and Senate Appropriations subcommittees markup appropriation bills

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15
Q

Federal Budget Process: What happens after House and Senate Appropriations subcommittees markup appropriation bills?

A

House and Senate vote on Appropriations bills and reconcile differences.

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16
Q

Federal Budget Process: What is the last step of the federal budget process?

A

The president signs each bill and it becomes law.

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17
Q

Filibuster

A

When senators talk for a long time to delay progress in passing legislation.

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18
Q

House Rules Committee

A

A committee within the House of Representatives where rules are placed for how bills are presented.

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19
Q

Conference committee

A

A joint committee withing the House of Representatives and Senate to resolve disagreements about a particular bill.

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20
Q

Constituencies

A

A body of voters among a particular district/area

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21
Q

Delegate

A

A representative who makes decisions purely based on what their constituents want

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22
Q

Trustee

A

A role played by representatives in which they listen to their constituent’s opinions, but make final decisions based on their best judgement on what would contribute to the greater good.

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23
Q

Politico

A

A representative who acts as a trustee and a delegate on the issue

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24
Q

Impeachment

A

A formal process in which a president is accused of something.

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25
Q

Incumbent

A

A representative who is already in office

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26
Q

Joint committee

A

A committee that has membership from the HOR and senate

27
Q

Logrolling

A

Voting to support a colleague’s bill in exchange for future support.

28
Q

Majority Leader

A

Elected leader of the party who has the most seats in the HOR or Senate.

29
Q

What power does the Majority Leader have in the HOR

A

It has second authority to the speaker of house.

30
Q

Speaker of House

A

The elected leader of the House of Representatives

31
Q

What does the Speaker of House do?

A

They maintain order, manage proceedings, counts and declares votes, appointing members to committees, signing bills that pass in house, etc.

32
Q

Minority Leader

A

Elected leader of the party who has the second most seats in the HOR or Senate

33
Q

What power does the Majority Leader have in Senate?

A

The Majority Leader is the most powerful member of the Senate.

34
Q

Malapportionment

A

When district boundaries are drawn in such a way that they have a disproportionate ratio of voters to representatives.

35
Q

Markup

A

A process in which committee members offer changes to a bill before it goes to the floor in either house for a vote.

36
Q

17th amendment

A

There must be 2 senators of each state who serve 6 year terms. They all must be chosen by the people.

37
Q

Oversight

A

When the congress reviews the actions of an institution

38
Q

Political Action Committees

A

An organization that raises money for campaigns

39
Q

Discretionary spending

A

Portion of spending that the president requests and the congress appoints every year.

40
Q

Coalition

A

When two or more parties join together to form a majority in a national legislature

41
Q

President pro tempore

A

Person who is chosen to preside over the chamber in the absence of the normal presiding officer.

42
Q

Redistricting/apportionment

A

The process of changing election districts to make them equal to the population as possible

43
Q

House Rules Committee

A

A committee that determines when a bill will be debated on, how long the debate will last, whether amendments will be allowed on the floor, etc

44
Q

Standing committee

A

Permanent committee within congress that are in charge of a particular area or public policy.

45
Q

War Powers Resolution

A

The president can only send troops abroad if congress approves.

46
Q

what is the purpose of the HOR

A

to be the voice of the people, directly represent their constituents (they represent fewer people, so they know their wants better!!)

47
Q

what is the purpose of the Senate

A

they check the passions of the people

48
Q

which branch is more structured?

A

HOR

49
Q

how can congress check bureaucracies

A

by cutting their budget or using congregational oversight and public hearing to monitor their behavior

50
Q

how can interest groups impact lawmaking?

A

they can give information + analyses when bill is in the committees and subcommittees

51
Q

how can a bill die at committees

A

it can be tabled or rejected by vote

52
Q

enumerated powers of congress

A
  • federal funding
  • foreign policy
  • military legislation
  • pass a budget
  • raise armies
  • pass draft laws
53
Q

whips of parties

A

render party discipline, ensure people walk in line with party goals

54
Q

majority and minority leaders in the HOR:

A

direct debates, guide their members in policy making issues

55
Q

who is the president of the senate

A

the vice presedent

56
Q

what role does the V.P have in congress

A

break ties + is the president of the senate

57
Q

Senate: President Pro Tempore

A

most senior member of the majority party, can act as the president of the senate when the VP can’t

58
Q

Senate Majority Leader

A

sets legislative agenda by determining what bills can reach the floor for debate

59
Q

select committees

A

temporary congressional committees created for a specific purpose
(a select committee was created to investigate Nixon’s Watergate scandal)

60
Q

discharge committee

A

forces bills out of house for debate

61
Q

the closure rule

A

a 3/5th vote that can end a filibuster

62
Q

entitlement spending

A

programs that benefit all those that qualify (social security, medicare)

63
Q

earmarks/pork

A

an addition to a piece of legislation that addresses the specific needs of a certain state or district

AP Gov/Microeconomics (10 decks)

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