legionary fortress Flashcards
how many acres was a fortress?
about 50-60 acres (20-25 hectares)
the headquarters is called?
principia
living quarters of the commanding officer is called?
praetorium
the hospital of the fortress is called?
valetudinarium
the horrea is the ?
granaries
streets and alleys were laid out in what pattern?
grid
but there were always 3 main streets. what were their names?
- via praetoria, 2. via principalis, 3. via quintana.
which road extended the whole width of the fortress?
via principalis
which street ran from the main gate to the front entrance?
via praetoria
which street also ran the width of the fortress but directly behind the principia?
via quintana
the earch mound wall surrounding the fortress is the ?
vallum
each side of the vallum had a
?
gateway
and each corner of the vallum had a ?
tower
Along the outside of the vallum was a
ditch
the principia was near the center of the fortress, next to a courtyard which had what huge room on the far side of the courtyard?
basilica
What happened in the basilica?
commander worked his officers here.
the most sacred place in the fortress?
sacellum
where is this sacred place?
in the center of the wall facing the main gate in the basilica
what is the basilica?
a chapel carrying a sacred image.
what is the sacred image?
aquila - eagle perched with outstretched wings on a pole clutching gold darts representing Jupiter’s thunderbolts
What was the intention of this symbol?
to invoke loyalty and respect
The soldier in charge of the aqquila is known the?
aquilifer…always in the first cohort.
What was kept usually underground in the fortress?
strong room - where pay and savings$$$ was located and LOCKED.
the praetorium was styled like what?
an Italian Domus Urbana, central heating, a garden, bathes, private rooms.
the barracks in the fortress housed how many?
5000 - 6000 men
a pair of rooms was called?
a contubernium
how many were in a contubernium?
8 men for the pair of rooms. so 4 men per room.
The contuberniums were side by side in a long rectangular house called a
block
each block housed a
century (80 men) with suites on the end for the centurion
there were also bath houses which contained?
- tepidarium, 2. caldarium, 3. frigidarium. sometimes outdise of the fortress
was there a amphitheater at the fortress?
yes. outside for ceremonial purposes and sometimes gladiator shows
