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Anatomy > Leg & Foot > Flashcards

Leg & Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Abductor digiti minimi ACTION

A

Flexes 5th toe

Assists with abduction

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2
Q

Abductor digiti minimi INSERTION

A

Smooth groove on plantar surface of the base of 5th
metatarsal
With the FDMB to the lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th toe

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3
Q

Abductor digiti minimi NERVE

A

Lateral Plantar n. (S1,S2,S3)

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4
Q

Abductor digiti minimi ORIGIN

A

Both processes of the calcaneal tuberosity
Plantar surface between calcaneal processes
Plantar aponeurosis
Intermuscular septum between the adductor digiti minimi and flexor digitorum brevis

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5
Q

Abductor Hallucis ACTION

A

Abduction of MTP of great toe
Assists in flexion
Assists in adduction of the forefoot

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6
Q

Abductor Hallucis INSERTION

A

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe. Medial sesmoid bone

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7
Q

Abductor Hallucis NERVE

A

Medial Plantar n. (S1,S2)

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8
Q

Abductor Hallucis ORIGIN

A

Medial process of tuberosity of calcaneus
Flexor retinaculum
Plantar aponeurosis
Adjacent intermuscular septum

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9
Q

Adductor Hallucis ACTION

A

Adduction

Assists in flexion of MTP of great toe

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10
Q

Adductor Hallucis INSERTION

A

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

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11
Q

Adductor Hallucis NERVE

A

Lateral Plantar n. (S2,S3)

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12
Q

Adductor Hallucis ORIGIN

A

OBLIQUE HD:
From bases of 2-4th metatarsal bones and sheath of fibularis longus tendon
TRANSVERSE HD:
From plantar MTP ligaments of 3-5th digits and deep transverse ligament

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13
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus ACTION

A

Extend MTP joints
Assists in extension of IP 2-5
DF and EV

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14
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus INSERTION

A

By 4 tendons to the 2-5th digits, each tendon forms an expansion on the dorsal surface of the toe, and divides
into an intermediate slip attached to base of middle phalanx and into 2 lateral slips

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15
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus NERVE

A

Deep Fibular n. (L4, L5, S1)

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16
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus ORIGIN

A 
Lateral condyle of tibia
Proximal ¾ of anterior surface of body of fibula
Proximal part of interosseous membrane
Adjacent intermuscular septa
Deep fascia
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17
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis ACTION

A

Great toe MTP Extension

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18
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis INSERTION

A

Dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

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19
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis NERVE

A

Deep Fibular n. (L4,L5,S1)

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20
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis ORIGIN

A

Distal part of superior and lateral surfaces of calcaneus
Lateral talocalcaneal ligament
Apex of inferior extensor retinaculum

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21
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus ACTION

A

Great toe IP and MTP extension

Assist in inversion of foot and dorsiflexion of ankle

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22
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus INSERTION

A

Base of dorsal distal phalanx of great toe

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23
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus NERVE

A

Deep Fibular n. (L4,L5, S1)

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24
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus ORIGIN

A

Middle 2 quarters of anterior surface of fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane

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25
Q

Fibularis Brevis ACTION

A

Eversion

Assists in plantar flexion

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26
Q

Fibularis Brevis INSERTION

A

Lateral part of styloid process of 5th metatarsal

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27
Q

Fibularis Brevis NERVE

A

Superficial Fibular n. (L4,L5,S1)

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28
Q

Fibularis Brevis ORIGIN

A

Distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula and adjacent intermuscular septa

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29
Q

Fibularis Longus ACTION

A

Eversion
Assists in plantar flexion
Depresses first metatarsal head

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30
Q

Fibularis Longus INSERTION

A

Lateral side of base of 1st metatarsal and of medial cuneiform bone

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31
Q

Fibularis Longus NERVE

A

Superficial Fibular n. (L4,L5,S1)

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32
Q

Fibularis Longus ORIGIN

A

Lateral tibial condyle
Head and proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula,
Intermuscular septa
Adjacent deep fascia

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33
Q

Fibularis Tertius ACTION

A

Ankle DF

Foot Eversion

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34
Q

Fibularis Tertius INSERTION

A

Dorsal surface, base of 5th metatarsal

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35
Q

Fibularis Tertius NERVE

A

Deep Fibular n. (L4-L5-S1)

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36
Q

Fibularis Tertius ORIGIN

A

Distal 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane and adjacent intermuscular septa

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37
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis ACTION

A

MTP flexion of 5th digit

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38
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis INSERTION

A

Distal tendon that inserts into the lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the minimus (5th digit).

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39
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis NERVE

A

Lateral Plantar n. (S2, S3)

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40
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis ORIGIN

A

Medial part of the plantar surface of the base of the 5th metatarsal bone
Sheath of the fibularis longus

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41
Q

Flexor digitorum longus FUNCTION

A

Flexion of PIP, DIP and MTP of digits 2-5

Assists in ankle plantar flexion and foot inversion

42
Q

Flexor digitorum longus INSERTION

A

Bases of distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th digits

43
Q

Flexor digitorum longus NERVE

A

Tibial n. (L5,S1,S2)

44
Q

Flexor digitorum longus ORIGIN

A

Middle 3/5 of posterior surface of body of tibia and from fascia covering the posterior tibialis

45
Q

Flexor digitorum

brevis ACTION

A

PIP Flexion

Assists in flexion of 2-5th MTP

46
Q

Flexor digitorum

brevis INSERTION

A

Middle phalanx of 2-5th digits

47
Q

Flexor digitorum

brevis NERVE

A

Medial Plantar n. (S1,S2)

48
Q

Flexor digitorum

brevis ORIGIN

A

Medial process of tuberosity of calcaneus
Central part of plantar aponeurosis
Adjacent intermuscualr septa

49
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis ACTION

A

Flexion of MTP of great toe

50
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis INSERTION

A

Medial and lateral sides of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

51
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis NERVE

A

Medial Plantar n. (S1,S2)

52
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis ORIGIN

A

Medial part of plantar surface of cuboid bone
Adjacent part of lateral cuneiform bone
Tendon of posterior tibialis

53
Q

Flexor hallucis longus FUNCTION

A

Great toe IP flexion
Assists in metatarsophalangeal flexion
Ankle plantar flexion
Foot inversion

54
Q

Flexor hallucis longus INSERTION

A

Base of distal phalanx of great toe and plantar surface

55
Q

Flexor hallucis longus NERVE

A

Tibial n. (L5,S1,S2)

56
Q

Flexor hallucis longus ORIGIN

A

Posterior surfac of distal 2/3 of fibula, interosseous membrane, and adjacent intermuscular septa and fascia

57
Q

Gastrocnemius (lateral head) FUNCTION

A

Talocrural plantar flexion

Assists in knee flexion

58
Q

Gastrocnemius (lateral head) INSERTION

A

Middle part of posterior surface of calcaneus

59
Q

Gastrocnemius (lateral head) NERVE

A

Tibial n. (S1, S2)

60
Q

Gastrocnemius (lateral head) ORIGIN

A

Lateral condyle and posterior surface of femur

Capsule of knee

61
Q

Gastrocnemius (medial head) FUNCTION

A

Talocrural plantar flexion
Assits in knee flexion
Subtalar joint inversion (supination)

62
Q

Gastrocnemius (medial head) INSERTION

A

Middle part of posterior surface of calcaneus

63
Q

Gastrocnemius (medial head) NERVE

A

Tibial n. (S1,S2)

64
Q

Gastrocnemius (medial head) ORIGIN

A

Proximal and posterior part of medial condyle
Adjacent part of femur
Capsule of knee joint

65
Q

Interossei ACTION

A

PLANTAR (3):
Adduct toes 3-5 toward axial line through the 2nd digit.
IP extension of toes 3-5

DORSAL (4)
Abduct toes 2-4 from axial line through the 2nd digit.
MTP flexion of toes 2-4
IP extension of toes 2-4

66
Q

Interossei INSERTION

A

PLANTAR (3)L:
Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of toes 3-5
DORSAL (4):
Medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe and lateral sides of toes 2-4

67
Q

Interossei NERVE

A

Lateral Plantar n. (S2,S3)

68
Q

Interossei ORIGIN

A

PLANTAR (3):
Bases and medial sides of bodies of 3-5th metatarsal bones
DORSAL (4):
Each by 2 heads from adjacent sides of the metatarsal bones

69
Q

Lumbricals ACTION

A

MTP flexion

Assists in IP 2-5th extension

70
Q

Lumbricals INSERTION

A

Medial side of proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion of EDL tendon of toes 2-5

71
Q

Lumbricals NERVE

A

1 - Medial Plantar n. (S1,S2)

2-4: Lateral Plantar n. (S2,S3)

72
Q

Lumbricals ORIGIN

A

1st from medial side of 1st FDL tendon
2nd from adjacent sides of 1st and 2nd FDL tendons
3rd from adjacent sides of 2nd and 3rd FDL tendons
4th from adjacent sides of 3rd and 4th FDL tendons

73
Q

Plantaris FUNCTION

A

Plantar flexion

Assists in knee flexion

74
Q

Plantaris INSERTION

A

Posterior part of calcaneus

75
Q

Plantaris NERVE

A

Tibial n. (L4,L5,S1,S2)

76
Q

Plantaris ORIGIN

A

Distal part of lateral supracondylar line of femur and adjacent part of its popliteal surface
Oblique popliteal ligament of knee joint

77
Q

Popliteus ACTION

A

NWB:
MR of tibia on the femur
Knee flexion

WB:
LR of femur on tibia
Knee flexion
Helps reinforce posterior ligament of knee joint

78
Q

Popliteus INSERTION

A

Triangular area proximal to soleal line on posterior surface of tibia
Fascia covering the muscle

79
Q

Popliteus NERVE

A

Tibial n. (L4, L5, S1)

80
Q

Popliteus ORIGIN

A

Anterior part of groove on lateral condyle of femur

Oblique popliteal ligament of knee joint

81
Q

Quadratus plantae ACTION

A

Modifies line of pull of the flexor digitorum longus tendons

Flexion of toes 2-5

82
Q

Quadratus plantae INSERTION

A

Lateral margin

Dorsal and plantar surfaces of tendon of flexor digitorum longus

83
Q

Quadratus plantae NERVE

A

Lateral Plantar n. (S1,S2,S3)

84
Q

Quadratus plantae ORIGIN

A

MEDIAL HEAD
Medial surface of calcaneus
Medial border of long plantar ligament

LATERAL HEAD
Lateral border of plantar surface of calcaneus
Lateral border of long plantar ligament

85
Q

Soleus FUNCTION

A

Talocrural plantar flexion

Subtalar joint inversion (supination)

86
Q

Soleus INSERTION

A

Posterior part of calcaneus

87
Q

Soleus NERVE

A

Tibial n. (S1, S2)

88
Q

Soleus ORIGIN

A 
Posterior surfaces of fibular head 
Posterior surface of proximal 1/3 of fibula
Soleal line
Middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia
Tendinous arch between tibia and fibula
89
Q

Tibialis Anterior ACTION

A

Ankle dorsiflexion

Assists in foot inversion

90
Q

Tibialis Anterior INSERTION

A

Medial and plantar surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal bone

91
Q

Tibialis Anterior NERVE

A

Deep Fibular n. (L4,L5,S1)

92
Q

Tibialis Anterior ORIGIN

A 
Lateral condyle tibia
Proximal 1/2 of lateral surface of tibia
Interosseus membrane
Deep fascia
Lateral intermuscular septa
93
Q

Tibialis Posterior ACTION

A

Inversion

Assists in ankle plantar flexion

94
Q

Tibialis Posterior INSERTION

A

Tuberosity of navicular bone and by fibrous expansions to the sustentaculum talk, all cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of 2nd,3rd and 4th metatarsal bones

95
Q

Tibialis Posterior NERVE

A

Tibial n. (L4, L5, S1)

96
Q

Tibialis Posterior ORIGIN

A

Most of interosseous membrane, lateral portion of posterior surface of tibia, proximal 2/3 of medial surface of fibula, adjacent inter-muscular septa, and deep fascia

97
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis ORIGIN

A

Distal part of superior and lateral surfaces of calcaneus
Lateral talocalcaneal ligament
Apex of inferior extensor retinaculum

98
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis INSERTION

A

By 4 tendons to 1-4th digits.
The most medial slip (EHB) inserts into dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of great toe.
Other 3 tendons join lateral sides of tendons of EDL to 2nd, 3rd, and 4th digits

99
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis ACTION

A

IP and MTP joint extension of toes 2-4

100
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis NERVE

A

Deep fibular (L4,5,S1)

Anatomy (8 decks)

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