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PHTH 510 > Leg, Ankle & Foot > Flashcards

Leg, Ankle & Foot Flashcards

1
Q

3 Groups of bones

A

Tarsal bones
Metatarsal bones
The Phalanges

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2
Q

How many joints & bones are in the ankle & foot

A

26 bones & 33 joints

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3
Q

How many tarsal bones

A

7 bones

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4
Q

Distal group of Tarsal bones

A

1-3) Medial, Intermediate, Lateral Cuneiforms
4) Cuboid

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5
Q

Proximal group of tarsal bones

A

1) Talus
- articulates above with the tibia & fibula (ankle joint) & navicular bone on the medial side of the foot
2) Calcaneus
- anteriorly articulates with the cuboid

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6
Q

How does the calcaneus articulate with talus

A

-In three areas
1) Anterior Talar articular surface
2) Middle talar articular surface
3) Posterior talar articular surface

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7
Q

Navicular bone

A
  • Intermediate tarsal bone
    Serves as an attachment for the Tibialis posterior tendon
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8
Q

Fibular Trochlea of the calcaneus

A

Separates Fibularis BREVIS passes superiority & the Fibularis LONGUS passes inferiorly

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9
Q

How many metatarsals

A

5
METATARSAL 1= SESAMOID BONES (on plantar surface) —> use for toe off leverage

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10
Q

“True ankle joint”

A

-Tibia
- Fibula
-Talus

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11
Q

Ankle joint complex

A

*ankle joint
*sub-talar joint (talocalcaneal joint)

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12
Q

Major ligaments of the ankle

A

1) Deltoid (medial ligaments)
- attached to the medial mallelous
- stabilizes

2) Lateral ligaments
- Posterior talofibular ligament
- Anterior talofibular ligament
- Calcaneofibular ligament

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13
Q

Popliteal Fossa

A

*Popliteal artery & Vein
*Tibial & common Fibular nerves

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14
Q

Small saphenous

A

Lateral anterior compartment

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15
Q

Great saphenous

A

Medial Anterior compartment

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16
Q

Bones of leg

A

1) Tibia
-supports most of the body weight
2) Fibula
- attachment of muscles & provides stability to ankle

*connected by INTEROSSEOUS MEMBRANE

17
Q

Anterior compartment actions

A

-Dorsiflexion
-Inversion & Eversion

18
Q

Posterior compartment (Superficial & Deep) actions

A

-plantar flexion

19
Q

Lateral Compartment action

A

*Eversion
*Plantar Flexion

20
Q

What surrounds the lower leg (anterior/medial/lateral compartments)

A

Crural Fascia

21
Q

Anterior compartment

A

*Tibialis Anteiror
*Extensor Hallucis longus
*Extensor Digitorum longus
*Fibularis tertius

22
Q

INNERVATION & ACTION of Anterior Compartment

A

Innervation: Deep Fibular nerve
Action: Dorsiflexion/inversion & Eversion

23
Q

Lateral Compartment INNERVATION & ACTIONS

A

INNERVATION: Superficial Fibular nerve
ACTIONS: Eversion & weakplantar flexion

24
Q

LATERAL-COMPARTMENT

A

*Fibularis longus
*Fibularis BREVIS

25
Q

SUPERFICIAL POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT

A

1)Gastrocnemius
2)Soleus
3)Plantaris
Action= plantar flexion of ankle & flexion of knee

26
Q

Gastrocnemius, Soleus & Plantaris form

A

Triceps surae muscle
-inserts on Achilles tendon

27
Q

Deep posterior compartment & ACTIONS

A

1)Popliteus
2)Flexor digitorum longus
3)Flexor halluces longus (more lateral on posterior lower leg)
4)Tibialis Posterior (ACTION= Inversion of foot)

ACTION FOR ALL= plantar flexion, flexion of digits, Lateral rotation of knee

28
Q

Deep posterior compartment Innervation

A

Tibial Nerve

29
Q

In the lower leg Tibial nerve gives rise to

A

*the sural cutaneous nerve
*medial calcaneal nerve

30
Q

Common Fibular nerve divides into

A

Origin: head & neck of fibula
1)Superficial Fibular nerve (Lateral compartment)
2) Deep Fibular nerve (Anterior compartment)

31
Q

Deep Fibular nerve

A

Medial of the Dorsalis pedis artery

32
Q

Blood supply for DEEP REGIONS OF lower leg

A

Anterior tibial artery —> Anterior Compartment
Posterior tibial artery —> Posterior Compartment

33
Q

MAJOR BLOOD SUPPLY TO LEG & FOOT

A

Popliteal artery (continuation of femoral artery)
- enters posterior compartment from popliteal fossa

34
Q

Posterior tibial artery 2 branches

A

1) Circumflex Fibular artery
2) Fibular artery

35
Q

Popliteus

A

Innervation= Tibial nerve (L4-S1)
Close chain= Lateral rotates femur (Unlocks knee)
Open chain= Medially rotates the tibia

PHTH 510 (5 decks)

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