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PHTH 510 > Hip & Thigh > Flashcards

Hip & Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Hip joint “Major actions”

A

Acetabulum & Proximal end of femur

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2
Q

Parts of Acetabulum

A

1)Acetabular fossa: the center

2)ACETABULAR LABRUM: Stabilizes the head of femur

3)Lunate surface: Articulates with head of femur

4)Acetabular foramen “notch”

5)Transverse Acetabular ligament: helps the ACETABULAR LABRUM to inferiorly bridge across the Acetabular notch by the (transverse ligament)

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3
Q

Angle between neck & shaft (NSA)

A

<120 = Vara (decreased angle)
- Knees knock in (Valgus)

125= Normal

> 140 = Varsus (increased angle)
- Knees bow out (Vargas)

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4
Q

Ligament of the head of femur (Ligamentum teres)

A
  • flat band of connective tissue
  • attaches at one end of the fovea to the head of femur & at the other end to the Acetabular fossa, transverse ligament, & margins of the Acetabular notch
  • carries a small branch of the obturator artery, which contributed to the blood supply of the head of the femur
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5
Q

Fibrous membrane

A
  • Gives stability to joint
    *Encloses hip joint
    [Attached to the margin of the acetabulum, the transverse Acetabular ligament & the adjacent margin of the obturator foramen. Laterally attached to the intertrochanteric line on the anterior aspect of femur & to the neck of femur proximal to the intertochanteric crest on the posterior side]
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6
Q

Major Blood supply of hip

A

Medial & Lateral Circumflex arteries
- enter the joint from the neck of the femur

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7
Q

Fracture of the neck of femur can cause

A

Avascular necrosis, leading to a total hip replacement or Hemiarthroplasty

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8
Q

Hemiarthroplasty

A

Replacement of the femoral head ONLY

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9
Q

Total hip replacement

A

Replacement of the femur head & Acetabular component

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10
Q

3 CAPSULAR ligaments that reinforce FIBROUS MEMBRANE

A

*Iliofemoral (STRONGEST )
*Pubofemoral
*Ischiofemoral

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11
Q

*Iliofemoral (STRONGEST ) ligaments
*Pubofemoral ligaments
*Ischiofemoral ligaments
Orientation

A

Fibers oriented in SPIRAL around hip
- become tight in extension

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12
Q

Hip open-packed position

A

Flexion: 30 degrees
Abduction: 30degrees
Slight external rotation

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13
Q

Capsular ligaments

A

Looser when flexed 30 degrees
Become Tight in extension (standing straight)

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14
Q

Iliofemoral ligament

A

Anterior of hip joint

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15
Q

Pubofemoral ligament

A

Anteriorinferior of hip joint

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16
Q

Ischiofemoral ligament

A

Reinforces the posterior aspect of the fibrous membrane

17
Q

Thigh compartments

A

3 compartments
1) Anterior
2) Posterior
3) Medial
* surrounded by fascia latae

18
Q

Anterior compartment muscles

A

*VASTUS MEDIALS
*VASTUS INTERMEDIUS
*VASTUS LATERALIS
*RECTUS FEMORIS
*SARTORIUS
*ILIACUS O= ILLIAC FOSSA I=LESSER TROCHANTER OF FEMUR
*PSOAS MAJOR O= T12-L5 I=LESSER TROCHANTER OF FEMUR

HIP FLEXION & KNEE EXTENSION

19
Q

Posterior compartment

A

*BICEPS FEMORIS
LONG HEAD O=ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY
SHORT HEAD O= LINEA ASPERA

*SEMIMEMBRANOSUS O=ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY

*SEMITENDINOSUS O=ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY

Extend thigh
Flex leg

20
Q

Medial compartment

A
  • PECTINEUS (MOST ANTEIOR MUSCLE OF MEDIAL COMPARTMENT)
    *ADDUCTOR LONGUS
    *ADDUCTOR BREVIS
    *ADDUCTOR MAGNUS
    *GRACILIS
    Adduct thigh
21
Q

Anterior compartment Innervation

A

Femoral nerve
(L2, L3, L4)

22
Q

Medial Compartment Innervation

A

Obturator nerve
(L2, L3, L4)

23
Q

Posterior compartment Innervation

A

Sciatic nerve (Tibial)
(L4,L5, S1,S2 &S3)

24
Q

FEMORAL TRIANGLE

A

BASE=inguinal ligament
MEDIAL= adductor longus
LATERAL= sartorius
FLOOR= pectineus & adductor longus
APEX= popliteal fossa

25
Q

Femoral artery turns into

A

Popliteal artery

26
Q

PSOAS Syndrome

A

Symptoms:
- Low back pain
- pain when trying to stand in full upright posture

Common in : runners & climbers

27
Q

Extends leg “KNEE”

A

-RECTUS femoris
- Vastus lateralis
-Vastus medial is
-Vastus intermedius

28
Q

Flexes the thigh & trunk

A

-PSOAS major
- ILIACUS

29
Q

Flexes thigh & flexes leg

A

Sartorius
O = ASIS
I= tibia shaft

30
Q

Thigh extension & knee flexion

A

-Biceps femoris
-Semimbranosus & Semitedinosus

31
Q

Adducts & Rotates thigh medially

A

Adductor longus

32
Q

Adducts thigh

A

-Adductor brevis
-Adductor magnus

33
Q

Adducts thigh & flexes leg

A

Gracilis

34
Q

Adducts & flexes thigh

A

Pectineus

35
Q

Muscles that insert on the Pes Anserinus

A

-semitendinosus
-gracilis
-sartorius

PHTH 510 (5 decks)

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