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Lower Limb > Leg and Foot > Flashcards

Leg and Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior compartment of the leg

A

Deep peroneal/ Deep fibular nerve

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2
Q

Posterior compartment

A

Tibial nerve (S1,S2)

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3
Q

Lateral compartment

A

Superficial fibular nerve

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4
Q

Sciatic nerve divides into?

A

1-Tibial nerve: Posterior compartment of Leg

2-Common peroneal nerve:

        a) Deep peroneal n.
        b) Superficial peroneal n.
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5
Q

Deep peroneal

A

supplies anterior compartment

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6
Q

Superficial peroneal

A

Lateral compartment

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7
Q

identify muscles of anterior compartment of leg

A
  • tibialis anterior
  • extensor digitorum
  • fibularis tertius
  • extensor expansions
  • extensor hallucis longus
  • extensor digitorum brevis
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8
Q

common peroneal n.

deep peroneal n.

A

anterior compartment

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9
Q

Muscles of lateral compartment?

A

Peroneus longus
peroneous brevis
-superficial peroneal n.

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10
Q

common peroneal nerve divides in?

A

superficial and deep peroneal

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11
Q

If a person suffers a Fx of fibular neck, can cause injury to?

A

common peroneal nerve

  • results in paralysis of muscles of anterior and lateral compartments of leg (dorsiflexion/ eversion)
    • foot drop, high stepping gait, anesthesia of dorsum of foot
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12
Q

Superficial muscles of posterior compartment

Tibial n.

A

Medial/Lateral head of Gastrocnemius
Plantaris
Soleus
Achilles tendon

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13
Q

Tibial nerve branches

L4,5 and S1,2

A

cutaneous: Sural nerve: supplies skin of calf, back of the leg, lateral border of foot and lateral side of little toe
Medial calcaneal: supplies heel

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14
Q

muscular branches?

A

posterior compartment of leg

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15
Q

Articular branches?

A

knee and ankle joint

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16
Q

terminal branches?

A

medial plantar nerve

lateral plantar nerve

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17
Q

what results in injury to tibial nerve?

A

paralysis of flexors muscles in leg and intrinsic muscles in the sole of foot

result: loss of plantar flexion, weak inversion of foot
- shuffling gait and anesthesia along back of leg and plantar surface of foot

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18
Q

deep muscles of posterior compartment ?

A 
*Tibial n.
popliteus
tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus FDL
Flexor hallucis longus FHL
19
Q

Tarsal tunnel syndrome?

A

Entrapment and compression of tibial n.

20
Q

Tibial n. supplies?

A

Posterior compartment

21
Q

Tibial n. (posterior compartment) supplies?

A

Superficial muscles and Deep muscles

22
Q

Superficial muscles of posterior compartment?

A
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Soleus
  • plantaris
23
Q

Deep muscles of ant. compartment?

A

1-popliteus (unlocks knee joint)
2-FDL
3-FHL
4-tibialis posterior

24
Q

Achilles tendon reflex is elicited by?

A

striking tendo calcaneous (reflex hammer)= plantar flexion of the foot
S1-S2 nerves roots
both efferent and afferent of reflex arc carried by Tibial n.

25
Q

identify vascular supply of the leg (Posterior)

A
  • Popliteal artery
  • Genicular arteries
  • posterior tibial artery
  • anterior tibial a.
  • fibular a.
  • medial/lateral plantar a.
26
Q

vascular supply of anterior leg

A
  • anterior tibial a.
  • deep fibular n.
  • dorsalis pedis
27
Q

Dorsalis pedis artery is palpated lateral to…?

A

extensor hallucis longus tendon on the dorsum of foot

28
Q

Posterior tibial artery is palpated?

A

b/t medial malleolus and calcaneal tendon

29
Q

identify tarsal bones

A
  • calcaneus
  • cuboid
  • talus
  • navicular
  • cuneiforms
30
Q

Ankle joint is type of?

A

Synovial hinge joint

31
Q

Deltoid or medial ligament is formed by

A
  • tibionavicular
  • tibiocalcaneal
  • anterior/ posterior tibiotalar
32
Q

Lateral ligament consists of 3 bands

A
  • anterior talofibular ligament
  • calcaneofibular ligament
  • posterior talofibular ligament
33
Q

In movement of ankle joint, Dorsiflexion is done by?

A
  • tibialis anterior
  • extensor hallucis longus
  • EDL
  • peroneous tertius
34
Q

Plantarflexion done by?

A

Tendo-calcaneus

  • tibialis posterior
  • FDL
  • FHL
35
Q

Medial ankle sprain

A

less common
excessive eversion
Deltoid ligament torn

36
Q

Lateral ankle sprain

A

excessive inversion with plantar flexion of ankle

*Anterior Talofibular ligament most common injured
calcaneofibular also involved
instability of ankle joint

37
Q

Pott fracture-dislocation of ankle

A

excessive eversion
-horizontal Fx of medial malleolus, oblique Fx of shaft of fibula, lateral malleolus with tear of deltoid ligament
Foot forcibly everted

38
Q

INVERSION

A

Tibialis anterior

Tibialis posterior

39
Q

EVERSION

A

Peroneous longus
Peroneous brevis
Peroneous tertius

40
Q

medial longitudinal arch

A 
calcareous
talus
navicular
cuneiform
3 medial metatarsals
41
Q

Lateral longitudinal arch

A

calcaneous, cuboid and 4th, 5th metatarsals

42
Q

transverse arch

A

runs from medial to lateral
cuboid
cuneiform
base of metatarsals

43
Q

Flat feet

A 
plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament supports head of talus and maintains medial longitudinal arch
flat feet is laxity of this ligament
44
Q

Plantar fascitii

A

inflammation of plantar aponeurosis

Lower Limb (3 decks)

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