Leg and Foot

Question 1

Anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 1

Deep peroneal/ Deep fibular nerve

Question 2

Posterior compartment

Answer 2

Tibial nerve (S1,S2)

Question 3

Lateral compartment

Answer 3

Superficial fibular nerve

Question 4

Sciatic nerve divides into?

Answer 4

1-Tibial nerve: Posterior compartment of Leg

2-Common peroneal nerve:

        a) Deep peroneal n.
        b) Superficial peroneal n.

Question 5

Deep peroneal

Answer 5

supplies anterior compartment

Question 6

Superficial peroneal

Answer 6

Lateral compartment

Question 7

identify muscles of anterior compartment of leg

Answer 7

• tibialis anterior
• extensor digitorum
• fibularis tertius
• extensor expansions
• extensor hallucis longus
• extensor digitorum brevis

Question 8

common peroneal n.

deep peroneal n.

Answer 8

anterior compartment

Question 9

Muscles of lateral compartment?

Answer 9

Peroneus longus
peroneous brevis
-superficial peroneal n.

Question 10

common peroneal nerve divides in?

Answer 10

superficial and deep peroneal

Question 11

If a person suffers a Fx of fibular neck, can cause injury to?

Answer 11

common peroneal nerve

• results in paralysis of muscles of anterior and lateral compartments of leg (dorsiflexion/ eversion)
  
  • foot drop, high stepping gait, anesthesia of dorsum of foot

Question 12

Superficial muscles of posterior compartment

Tibial n.

Answer 12

Medial/Lateral head of Gastrocnemius
Plantaris
Soleus
Achilles tendon

Question 13

Tibial nerve branches

L4,5 and S1,2

Answer 13

cutaneous: Sural nerve: supplies skin of calf, back of the leg, lateral border of foot and lateral side of little toe
Medial calcaneal: supplies heel

Question 14

muscular branches?

Answer 14

posterior compartment of leg

Question 15

Articular branches?

Answer 15

knee and ankle joint

Question 16

terminal branches?

Answer 16

medial plantar nerve

lateral plantar nerve

Question 17

what results in injury to tibial nerve?

Answer 17

paralysis of flexors muscles in leg and intrinsic muscles in the sole of foot

result: loss of plantar flexion, weak inversion of foot
- shuffling gait and anesthesia along back of leg and plantar surface of foot

Question 18

deep muscles of posterior compartment ?

Answer 18

*Tibial n.
popliteus
tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus FDL
Flexor hallucis longus FHL

Question 19

Tarsal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 19

Entrapment and compression of tibial n.

Question 20

Tibial n. supplies?

Answer 20

Posterior compartment

Question 21

Tibial n. (posterior compartment) supplies?

Answer 21

Superficial muscles and Deep muscles

Question 22

Superficial muscles of posterior compartment?

Answer 22

• Gastrocnemius
• Soleus
• plantaris

Question 23

Deep muscles of ant. compartment?

Answer 23

1-popliteus (unlocks knee joint)
2-FDL
3-FHL
4-tibialis posterior

Question 24

Achilles tendon reflex is elicited by?

Answer 24

striking tendo calcaneous (reflex hammer)= plantar flexion of the foot
S1-S2 nerves roots
both efferent and afferent of reflex arc carried by Tibial n.

Question 25

identify vascular supply of the leg (Posterior)

Answer 25

- Popliteal artery - Genicular arteries - posterior tibial artery - anterior tibial a. - fibular a. - medial/lateral plantar a.

Question 26

vascular supply of anterior leg

Answer 26

- anterior tibial a. - deep fibular n. - dorsalis pedis

Question 27

Dorsalis pedis artery is palpated lateral to...?

Answer 27

extensor hallucis longus tendon on the dorsum of foot

Question 28

Posterior tibial artery is palpated?

Answer 28

b/t medial malleolus and calcaneal tendon

Question 29

identify tarsal bones

Answer 29

- calcaneus - cuboid - talus - navicular - cuneiforms

Question 30

Ankle joint is type of?

Answer 30

Synovial hinge joint

Question 31

Deltoid or medial ligament is formed by

Answer 31

- tibionavicular - tibiocalcaneal - anterior/ posterior tibiotalar

Question 32

Lateral ligament consists of 3 bands

Answer 32

- anterior talofibular ligament - calcaneofibular ligament - posterior talofibular ligament

Question 33

In movement of ankle joint, Dorsiflexion is done by?

Answer 33

- tibialis anterior - extensor hallucis longus - EDL - peroneous tertius

Question 34

Plantarflexion done by?

Answer 34

Tendo-calcaneus - tibialis posterior - FDL - FHL

Question 35

Medial ankle sprain

Answer 35

less common excessive eversion Deltoid ligament torn

Question 36

Lateral ankle sprain

Answer 36

excessive inversion with plantar flexion of ankle *Anterior Talofibular ligament most common injured calcaneofibular also involved instability of ankle joint

Question 37

Pott fracture-dislocation of ankle

Answer 37

excessive eversion -horizontal Fx of medial malleolus, oblique Fx of shaft of fibula, lateral malleolus with tear of deltoid ligament Foot forcibly everted

Question 38

INVERSION

Answer 38

Tibialis anterior | Tibialis posterior

Question 39

EVERSION

Answer 39

Peroneous longus Peroneous brevis Peroneous tertius

Question 40

medial longitudinal arch

Answer 40

``` calcareous talus navicular cuneiform 3 medial metatarsals ```

Question 41

Lateral longitudinal arch

Answer 41

calcaneous, cuboid and 4th, 5th metatarsals

Question 42

transverse arch

Answer 42

runs from medial to lateral cuboid cuneiform base of metatarsals

Question 43

Flat feet

Answer 43

``` plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament supports head of talus and maintains medial longitudinal arch flat feet is laxity of this ligament ```

Question 44

Plantar fascitii

Answer 44

inflammation of plantar aponeurosis