Leg Flashcards
O of extensor hallucis longus
middle part of ant. surface of fibula and interosseus membrane
O of Extensor Digitorum longus
lateral condyle of tibia & interosseus membrane
O of peroneus (fibular) tertius
- inferior 1/3 of ant. surface of fibula
- interosseus membrane
I of Tibalis anterior
medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and 1st metatarsal
O of tibialis anterior
lateral condyle & superior 1/2 of lateral tibia
I for Extensor Hallucis longus
dorsal aspect of base of distal phananx of hallux
I for extensor Digitorum longus
middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
I of peroneus tertius
dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
a of tibialis anterior
dorsiflex and invert foot
supports the medial longitudinal arch
a of extensor hallucis longus
extends hallux and dorsiflexes foot
a of extensor digitorum longus
extends lateral 4 digits and dorsiflexes foot
a of peroneus tertius
dorsiflex foot and aides in eversion
Innervation of all four anterior compartment muscles (tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius)
Deep fibular nerve (L4-L5)
extension of the hallux is used to indicate the integrity of ____spinal segment
L5
_____ of the hallux is used to indicate the integrity of L5 spinal segment
extension
O peroneus longus
head & sup. 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
O peroneus brevis
Inferior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
i of peroneus longus
base of first metatarsal & medial cuneiform
i of peroneus brevis
dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal
a of peroneus longus
everts foot & weakly plantarflexes
tendon supports all the arches (transverse and both medial and lateral longitudinal)
a of peroneus brevis
everts foot and weakly plantarflexes
Innervation of peroneus longus and brevis
superficial fibular nerve (L5-S2)
O of gastrocnemius lateral head
lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur
O of gastrocnemius medial head
popliteal surface of femur, sup. to medial condyle
O of soleus
post aspect of head of fibula
sup 1/4 of fibula
soleal line
medial border of tibia
O of plantaris
inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur
oblique popliteal ligament
I of all superficial posterior compartment muscles (gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris)
posterior surface of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus
Difference in action of gastrocnemius and soleus
They both plantar flex foot, raises heel during walking
The gastrocnemius also flexes knee joint
innervation of superficial posterior compartment muscles (gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris)
tibial nerve (S1-S2)
Action of plantaris
weakly assists in plantarflexion and flexion of knee
O of popliteus
lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur
lateral meniscus
I of popliteus
posterior surface of tibia, sup. to soleal line
action of popliteus
weakly flexes knee and unlocks it
on a fixed tibia, how does popliteus act
laterally rotates femur to unlock
on a fixed femur, how does popliteus act
medially rotates tibia to unlock
Innervation of popliteus
Tibial nerve L4-S1
O of flexor hallucis longus
inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula
inferior part of interosseus membrane
I of flexor hallucis longus
base of distal phalanx of hallux
A of flexor hallucis longus
flexes hallux at all joints
plantar flexes foot
supports longitudinal arch
innervation of flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus
tibial n S2-S3
O of flexor digitorum longus
medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line
by broad aponeurosis to fibula
I of flexor digitorum longus
bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
action of flexor digitorum longus
flexes lateral 4 digits
plantarflexes foot
supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
O of tibialis posterior
interosseus membrane
posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line
posterior surface of fibula
I of tibialis posterior
tuberosity of navicular
all three cuneiform bones
and bases of 2,3,4 metatarsals
Action of tibalis posterior
plantarflexes foot
inverts foot
supports transverse and medial longitudinal arch
The tibialis posterior and anterior both do what?
invert foot
support medial longitudinal arch of foot
Innervation of tibialis posterior
Tibial nerve L4-L5
What nerve innervates all of the posterior leg
tibial
The deep fascia of the leg is continuous with the ____
fascia lata, deep fascia of the thigh
The crural facia surrounds the leg and is continuous with
the periosteum of the tibia on its anterior and medial surface (the surface you can palpate)
Near the distal end of the leg, the fascia is thickened as
superior and inferior extensor retinacula
these extend from the deep side of the fascia and attach to the lateral edge of the fibula to separate and divide the three compartments of the leg
anterior and posterior crural intermuscular septa
Nerves of the leg form from branches of
the sciatic nerve formed from the ventral rami of spinal nerves L4-S3
Which two main branches of the sciatic nerve are identified in the popliteal fossa (even though they may have branched in the gluteal region or thigh)
Tibial nerve and the common fibular nerve
tibial nerve is formed from the
ventral division (of the ventral rami) of L4-S3
The muscular branches of the tibial nerve innervate the muscles of the _____ compartment of the leg
posterior
What does the tibial nerve bifurcate into
medial and lateral plantar nerves of the foot
the sural nerve is made up of
medial sural cutaneous nerve (from tibial) and a branch from the common fibular
What is the sural nerve
a cutaneous nerve that innervates the inferior lateral posterior part of the leg and the sole of the foot
What does the common fibular nerve branch into
superficial and deep fibular
what does the common fibular nerve wrap laterally around?
the neck of the fibula and then divides deep to the peroneus longus
what innervates the muscles of the anterior crural compartment
deep fibular nerve
What nerve pierces the anterior crural intermuscular septum to descend on the anterior surface of the interosseus membrane?
deep fibular
T or F The deep fibular nerve remains deep to the extensor retinacula
T
What nerve innervates the muscles of the lateral crural compartment
superficial fibular nerve
What nerve descends posterolateral to the anterior crural intermuscular septum
superficial fibular
What are the muscular branches of the popliteal artery?
heads of the gastrocnemius
What are the terminal branches of the popliteal artery?
anterior and posterior tibial arteries
Which artery becomes dorsalis pedis artery and is a terminal branch of the popliteal artery
anterior tibial artery
Which artery supplies the anterior muscle compartment?
anterior tibial artery
What is the main branch of the posterior tibial artery?
fibular artery
Which artery runs posterior to interosseus membrane along with posterior tibial nerve?
posterior tibial artery
________ artery goes around medial malleolus to end on the plantar surface of the foot as medial and lateral plantar artery
posterior tibial artery
Which compartment has no major artery
lateral crural compartment
muscular branches of the fibular artery are responsible for the blood supply to the _____
lateral crural compartment
inflammation or swelling of tibialis anterior causing pressure on encasing crural fascia
shin splints
tearing of the origin of tibialis anterior is a cause for what
shin splints
tibialis posterior attached to interosseus membrane is irritated with excess/forceful dorsiflexion, consequently irritating the continuity to the periosteum of the tibia
hypothesis for shin splints
damage to ____, ____, or _____ n. will cause the loss of _______ causing foot drop
sciatic, common fibular, deep fibular, tibialis anterior
When is the common fibular n protected by the overlying musculature
after the deep branch has penetrated the anterior crural intermuscular septum
What type of joint is the proximal tibiofibular joint
synovial joint planar type, supported by fibrous capsule surrounding joint
what type of joint is the distal part of the tibiofibular joint
fibrous syndesmosis type anchored by an interosseous membrane
