Foot Flashcards
I of extensor digitorum brevis
lateral 3 tendons attach to tendons of Ext. Dig. Longus to digits 2-4
Action of Extensor Digitorum longus
extend toes 2-4 at metatarsal phalangeal joint
assist ext. dig. longus
Innervation of Extensor Digitorum brevis
Deep Fibular (L5-S1)
Origin of Extensor Hallucis Brevis
Same as Extensor digitorum brevis
anterior part of the dorsal surface of calcaneus
anterior and medial to the lateral malleolus
inferior extensor retinaculum
I of extensor hallucis brevis
medial tendon of 4 tendons to base of proximal phalanx of hallux
Action of extensor hallucis brevis
extend hallux at MTP jt.
assist ext hallucis longus
Innervation of extensor hallucis brevis
deep peroneal n L5-S1
O of abductor hallucis
medial process of tuber calcaneus
flexor retinaculum
planter aponeurosis
I of Abductor Hallucis
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of hallux
Action of abductor hallucis
abducts and flexes hallux
innervation of abductor hallucis
medial plantar n S1-S2
flexor digitorum brevis
medial process of tuber calcaneus
plantar aponeurosis
intermuscular septum
I of flexor digitorum brevis
both sides of middle phalanx of lateral four digits
Action of flexor digitorum brevis
flexes lateral 4 digitsproximal interphalangeal joint
innervation of flexor digitorum brevis
medial plantar n. (S1-S2)
O of abductor digiti minimi
medial and lateral processes of tuber calcanei
intermuscular septum
plantar aponeurosis
I of Abductor Digiti minimi
Lateral side of base of proximal phalance of 5th digit
Action of abductor digiti minimi
abducts and flexes 5th digit
Innervation of Abductor digiti minimi
lateral plantar n (S2-S3)
Quatdratus plantae origin
medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus
I quadratus plantae
posterolateral margin of tendon of flex. dig. longus
action of quadratus plantae
assists flex. dig. longus in flexing lateral 4 digits
Innervation of Quadratus plantae
Lateral plantar n S2, S3
O of lumbricals
tendons of flex dig longus
I of lumbricals
medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
extensor expansions of tendons of ext. dig. longus
action of lumbricals
flex proximal phalanges
extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
innervation of lumbricals
medial lumbrical - medial plantar n (S2-S3)
lateral 3 lumbricals - lateral plantar n (S2-S3)
O of flexor hallucis brevis
plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform bones
I of flexor hallucis brevis
both sides of base of proximal phalanx of hallux
action of flexor hallucis brevis
flexes proximal phalanx of hallux
Innervation of Flexor hallucis brevis
medial plantar n. S1-S2
O of adductor hallucis
oblique head - bases of metatarsals 2-4
transverse head - plantar ligaments of metatarsal phalangeal joints
i of adductor hallucis
tendons of both heads attach to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of hallux
action of adductor hallucis
adducts hallux
assists in maintaining transverse arch
innervation of adductor hallucis
lateral plantar n. S2-S3
o of flexor digiti minimi brevis
base of 5th metatarsal bone
i of flexor digiti minimi brevis
base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
action of flexor digiti minimi brevis
flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit
innervation of flexor digiti minimi brevis
lateral plantar n (S2-S3)
origin of plantar interossei (3 muscles)
bases and medial sides of metatarsal bones 3-5
i of plantar interossei (3 muscles)
medial side of bases of proximal phalnges of digits 3-5
action of plantar interossei (3 mucsles)
adducts digits 3-5
flexes MTP jts.
innervation of plantar interossei
lateral plantar n S2-S3
o of dorsal interossei (4 muscles)
adjacent sides of metatarsal bones 1-5
i of dorsal interossei
1st - medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit
2-4 - lateral sides of digits 2-4
action of dorsal interossei
abducts digits 2-4
innervation of dorsal interossei
lateral plantar n S2-S3
the deep fascia of the foot- continuos with deep fascia around _____ joint. on the ____ surface it is ___ and continuous with the ______
talocrural, dorsal, thin, inferior extensor retinaculum
greatly thickened dense connective tissue that spans the entire plantar surface of the foot
plantar aponeurosis
the plantar aponeurosis helps in supporting the _____ arches
longitudinal
where does the plantar aponeurosis start
on the tuber calcaneus
where does the plantar aponeurosis fan into
encases the flexor tendons of digits (fans out into 4 separate bands distally toward the toes)
________ from the deep side of the plantar aponeurosis divide the plantar side of foot into medial, central, and lateral longitudinal compartments
vertical septa
What joint comprises the ankle, and what type
talocrural - hinge type synovial
what type of joint is the interosseus membrane
syndesmosis joint
not only are the tibia and fibula held together by the interosseus membrane, but also
ant & post inferior tibiofibular ligaments
When is the ankle limited in inversion/eversion and rotation
dorsiflexion (closed-pack position)
what does the deltoid ligament do
4 parts connecting tibia to navicular, talus (2-ant., post.), and calcaneus
what are the lateral ligaments of the ankle?
ant., post. talofibular and calcanofibular
what might the strength of the ancle ligaments result in
avulsion fractures of the lateral or medial malleolus during force inversion or eversion
joint between talus and calcaneus
subtalar
primary location of inversion and eversion
subtalar
what comprises the transverse tarsal joint
combination of talocacanonavicular jt and calcaneocubiod joint
what does the transverse tarsal joint facilitate
inversion/eversion, pronation/supination
the medial and lateral longitudinal arch are supported by what 4 things
plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament plantar aponeurosis long plantar ligament short plantar ligament
transverse arch is supported by
tendon of the peroneus longus muscle
what is the anterior tibial a. named once it passes deep to the inferior extensor retinaculum
dorsalis pedis
lack of or diminished dorsalis pedis pulse is an indicator of
vascular insufficiency, possibly from atherosclerotic changes
dorsalis pedis divides distally near the MTP joint into the
deep plantar a. and arcuate a.
The deep plantar a. joins the ___________ by diving between the proximal phalanx bones of the hallux and second toe
deep plantar arterial arch
What branches off the arcuate artery?
dorsal digital branches and perforating branches that reach the plantar surface of the foot
extensions of the posterior tibial artery
medial and lateral plantar artery
which artery has a less consistent superficial plantar arch? medial or lateral plantar
medial plantar a.
tibial nerve divides posterior to _____ into medial and lateral plantar n.
medial malleolus
which plantar n is larger?
medial
medial plantar n is deep to
abductor hallucis
What does the superficial branch of the lateral plantar n. innervate.
lateral muscles of foot and cutaneous branches to lateral two digits
where does the sural n arise from?
branches of the tibial n and common fibular n at the level of the popliteal fossa
what supplies the cutaneous innervation to posterior and lateral distal third of the leg, then the skin over the lateral margin of foot and 5th digit
sural n
where does the saphenous n come from?
divided off the femoral n. in the femoral triangle and descended along with femoral .a. and v. through the adductor canal and popliteal fossa
what supplies the cutaneous innervation over the anterior and medial parts of the leg and along the medial side of the foot
saphenous n.
O of Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Anterior part of dorsal surface of calcaneus
anterior and medial to lateral malleolus
inferior extensor retinaculum
