Left 4 Infectious Disease Control & Outbreak Management

Question 1

Basic reproduction number

Answer 1

average number of secondary case produced by one primary case in a wholly susceptible population - measures the intrinsic potential for an infectious agent to spread

Question 2

herd immunity

Answer 2

refers to the proportion of a host population which is immune to an infection

Question 3

threshold for her immunity

Answer 3

promotion of population that needs to be immune for a disease to become stable Is R=1
every case gies rise to one new case

if proportion immune higher than this threshold R< 1disease will die out

Question 4

control

Answer 4

reduction of transmission risks to pre-defined levels

Question 5

elimination

Answer 5

reduction of transmission risk to near zero

Question 6

eradication

Answer 6

reduction of transmission risk to zero

Question 7

ID surveillance includes 2 things what are they

Answer 7

rationale 
- routinely monitored what infection 
high mobiidiity 
epidemic potential ? 
control programme 
info 

value of this 
inform vaccination strategies 
clinical management guidance 
identify outbreaks 
allocation of resources 
detect and repsond to emerging infection 

e.g. infleuzne - clinician reported cases, death registration and lab reports of confirmed case

Question 8

quality of surveillance - how good is the data?
attributes fro Pulbic health surveillance - simplicity , flexibility , timeliness, stability , representative , acceptable, sensitive

what is the role of public heath

Answer 8

communicable disease control and prevention

envrionemtnal hazards and incidents

health emergency planning and response

Question 9

steps of an outbreak investigation

Answer 9

confirm outbreak and diagnosis 
define case 
identify cases and obtiain info 
descriptive data collection and analysis 
develop hypothesis 
analytical Studies to tes hypothesis 
special studies 
communication, including outbreak report 

managing and outbreak
control , investigate and communicate