Lee Flashcards
What is self aggrandisement
Self effacement
Bragging about personal achievements
Not making your self noticeable trying not to get noticed
Individualist vs collectivist cultures
Emphasises individual goals can succeed by themselves
Emphasises family and work group goals above individual needs an desires
Aim
To investigate lying and truth telling if there’s a difference etween cultures
If this change between ages of 7-11
Sample
Chinese children- 40-7 yr olds, 40 9 year olds, 40 11 yr olds all from hangzhou
Canadian- 36- 7yrs, 40 9 yr olds, 32 11 yr olds all from Brunswick
Why use Chinese ppts
Government requires schools to promote honesty and modesty
Report misdeeds by themselves , not to unrepresent themselves not to cheat and steal avoid bragging
Confessing misdeeds is encouraged
Canadian ppts
White lies to avoid embarrassment is tolerated
Self aggrandisement not considered a flaw to enhance self esteem
Confess to misdeeds is encouraged
Procedure
Tested individually
Would listen to either 4 stoical stories or 4 physics, stories the condition they were in were randomly allocated
Each story - read first half , which describes the child committing good or bad deed
Asked- was what …… Did good or bad
The child would respond to question using a 7 point systems
He child would then read the second half whereby the character would either lie or tell the truth
Ppts were asked a second question - was what ….. Do good or naughty
Explain 7 point rating system
Very very good 3 , very good 2 , good 1, neither 0 , naughty 1, very naughty2 , very very naughty 3
Controls
Stories - one or two orders to counterbalanced to reduce order effects , the meaning of the symbols on the chart related to each child each time the question was asked - so they understood it and didn’t just pick any one
Negative and positive meanings were alternated so child didn’t just pick first one
Example of physical and social stories
P- would take pages out of s book
S- someone would either get hurt or helped
Materials
4 conditions
- physical or social - truth telling - pro social
Pro social - lie telling - physical or social
Anti social - truth telling - physical or social
Antisocial - lie telling - physical or social
Similarities between cultures - findings
No difference in order stories
No gender difference
Both cultures always saw good deeds a s good and bad deeds as bad
Both cultures - approved of truth telling in antisocial situations
Both approved that if you did something naughty you should tell truth about it
Research method
Quasi
Iv - ethnicity and age main ones naturally occurring
Cross cultural
Good way of increasing representation of sample by identifying whether behaviour is seen in all people regardless of culture
Snapshot - data collected from all participants in one go were able to see if different ages gave different responses by making study cross sectional
Data
Quantitatively
Giving children a seven pint rating scale which was converted into quantitative data so it could be analysed this was to see if moral thinking between cultures so if Canadian children did see lie telling in a pro social situation as more positive than Canadian children
Qualitative - responses to why - they gave specific answers
Ethics
All ethical guidelines adhered to as lee explicity thanks to participants get children , parents and schools for cooperation and support consent given
