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A and p > Lecutre 11 > Flashcards

Lecutre 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Capillary exchange

A

Movement of substances in and out of capillaries

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2
Q

Most important means of exchange

A

Diffusion

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3
Q

What affects the movement of fluid form capillaries

A

BP, Capillary permeability and osmosis

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4
Q

Diffusion in cappilaries

A
  • lipid soluble cross capillary walls diffusion through plasma membrane
  • water-soluble diffuse through intercellular spaces or through fenstatrions of capillaries
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5
Q

Net filtration pressure

A

Force responsible for fluid moving across capillary walls, two forces affect pressure

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6
Q

Hydrostatic pressure

A

physical pressure of blood flowing through
the vessels or of fluid in interstitial spaces

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7
Q

Osmotic pressure

A

movement of solutes (plasma or tissue fluid)
through a membrane (plasma membrane) in the presence of a non-
diffusible solute (large proteins); Large proteins do not freely pass
through the capillary walls and the difference in protein
concentrations between the blood and interstitial fluid is
responsible for osmosis

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8
Q

Net Filtration pressure equation

A

Net hydrostatic pressure minus net osmotic pressure

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9
Q

Net hydrostatic pressure equation

A

CHP - IFP = net hydrostatic pressure

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10
Q

CHP

A

capillary Hydrostatic pressure

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11
Q

IHP

A

interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure

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12
Q

Interstellar fluid hydrostatic pressure

A

hydrostatic pressure exerted by the interstellar fluid of tissue surrounding the capillaries

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13
Q

Net osmotic pressure equation

A

BCOP-ICOP= Net osmotic pressure

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14
Q

BCOP

A

Blood colloid osmotic pressure

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15
Q

ICOP

A

Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure

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16
Q

Venous veins function

A

return to the heart increases due to the increase in BV, Venious tone and arteriole dialation

17
Q

Venous tone:

A

a continual state of partial contraction of
the veins as a result of sympathetic stimulation

18
Q

What does gravity do to BP

A

In standing position it increases BP below the heart and decreases pressure above the heart

19
Q

What does muscular movement do

A

improves veinous return

20
Q

Local Control

A

Most tissues blood flow is proportional to metabolic needs of tissues

21
Q

Nervous system

A

Responsible for routing blood flow and maintaining BP

22
Q

Hormonal Control

A

Sympathetic action potentials stimulate epinephrine and norepinephrine

23
Q

What do local factors do for capillary bed

A

Regulate metarterioles and precapillary sphincters

24
Q

What does increased metabolism of a tissue result in

A

vasodilator substances (carbon dioxide, lactate, potassium)

25
Q

What does vasodilator substance cause

A

Vasodilatation and relaxation of sphincters, blood flow increases to serve working tissue

26
Q

Autoregulation of blood flow

A

Blood flow can increase 7 to 8 times as a result of vasodilation of metarterioles and precapillary sphincters in response to increased rate of metabolism

27
Q

Vasomotion

A

period contraction and relaxation of precapillary sphincters

28
Q

Long-term local control

A

capillaries become denser in a region that regularly has a increased metabolic rate

29
Q

Nervous control of BF in tissures

A
  • minute to minute regulation of local control
  • provide means blood be shunted from one large area of the peripheral circulatory system to another by increasing resistance
  • Sympathetic division most important innervates all vessels except capillaries, precapillary sphincters, and most metarterioles
30
Q

Vasomotor center located

A

lower pons and upper medulla oblongata

31
Q

Excitatory part

A

Tonically active, causes vasomotor tone- norepinephrine

32
Q

Inhibitory part

A

Causes vasodilation by decreasing sympathetic output

33
Q

Sympathetic stimulation of adrenal medulla

A

causes output of norepinephrine and epinephrine into circulation causes vasoconstriction in vessels

34
Q

Vasomotor tone

A

constant sympathetic stimulation of vessels results in continual state of partial constrictio

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