Lectures Flashcards
Cordlike
Below and anterior to the fallopian tube
Round ligament
Extends thru internal inguinal ring and inserts to upper labia majora
Round ligament
Contains samson artery
Round ligament
Provide BS to the uterus
Samson atery
A double reflection of peritoneum stretching from the pelvis sidewalls to the uterus
Broad ligament
Divides pelvic cavity into the anterior and posterior compartments
Broad liga
Covers fallopian tube
It’s called as
Mesosalpinx
Covers round ligament
It’s called as
Mesoteres
Covers uteroovarian
It’s called as
Mesoovarium
Covers uterus
It’s called as
Mesometrium
Cardinal ligament AKA
Transverse cervical ligament
Mackenrodt ligament
Thick base wc extends from the lateral aspect of the upper part of the cervix and vagina to the pelvic wall
Cardinal ligament
Major support of the uterus
Cardinal ligament
Originates posterolateral attachment to the supravaginal portion of cervix
Inserts to fascia over the sacrum
Uterosacral ligament
Form the lateral boundaries of the pouch of Douglas
Uterosacral ligament
Infundibulopelvic ligament AKA
Suspensory ligament of the ovary
Extends beneath the fimbriated end of the fallopian tube towards pelvic wall
Infundibulopelvic ligament
Contains nerve and ovarian vessels
Infundibulopelvic ligament
Ovarian ligament AKA
Uteroovarian ligament
Runs in the broad ligament from the uterine pole of the ovary to inferior angle of uterotubal junction
Ovaries ligament
Endocrine input from circulating hormones (estrogen, progesterone)
Long feedback mechanism
Pituitary hormone feedback mechanism (FSH, LH)
Short feedback mechanism
Hypothalamic secretions within the hypothalamus
Ultrashort
Releasing FSH and LH
GNRH
Produces ACTH
CRH
Derived embryologically from epidermal ectoderm from an infolding of Rathke’s pouch
Anterior “Adenohypophysis”
No direct neural connection
No direct arterial BS – flow comes from portal vessels of median eminence
Anterior or Adenohypophysis
Adenohypophysis secretes
GH, PRL, ACTH (acidophilic)
FSH, LH (basophilic)
TSH (neutral boooo)
Direct physical extension of hypothalamus
Posterior or Neurohypophysis
Posterior or Neurohypophysis BS
Superior, middle, inferior hypophyseal arteries
Composed exclusively of neural tissue
Hypothalamic magnocellular system
- supraoptic nuclei and paraventricular nuclei
Posterior or Neurohypophysis
Secrete synthetic products from their axonal boutons into general circulation to act as hormones:
Oxytocin and AVP
Posterior or Neurohypophysis
Decapeptide from arcuate nucleus
GnRH or LHRH
Potential inhibitor of PRL and stimulator of gonadotropin release
GnRH-associated peptide (GAP)
Simultaneously regulates FSH and LH
Continual pulsatile secretion:
- short half-life
- autoprimes or upregulates GnRH receptors
GnRH
Frequent small amplitude
Follicular
Increase in both freq and amplitude
Late follicular
Progressive lengthening of interval between pulses, higher amplitude than in follicular phase that progressively declines
Luteal
Progressive lengthening of interval between pulses, higher amplitude than in follicular phase that progressively declines
Luteal
Increased receptor affinity or decreased degradation
Agonists
No intrinsic activity but competes for the same receptors
Prevents stimulation of endogenous gonadotropin
Antagonist
Opiods are affected by
GnRH
e.g endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins
Inhi release of gnrh
Ovarian sex steroids increase
Central endorphins
Glycoprotein that share the alpha subunit
Beta subunit confers receptor specificity - rate limit
FSH and LH
Under topic inhibition by hypothalamic secretion of dopamine
PRL
Secreted by pit thyrotrophs in response to TRH
TSH
Comes from arcuate nucleus
TRH
Major stimulus for PRL
TSH
Sec by paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
Oxytocin
Oxytocin stimulated by suckling w impulses travelling via
Thoracic nerves > spinal cord > hypothalamus
Stimulation of cervix and vagina
Ferguson reflex
Neuroendocrine reflex comprising self sustaining cycle of uterine contractions
Ferguson reflex
Oxytocin
ISO LEU
ADH
PHE ARG
Synthesized primarily by neurons in supraoptic nuclei in ppgalnd
ADH
