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Anth1001 > lectures 8, 9, 10, 11. > Flashcards

lectures 8, 9, 10, 11. Flashcards

1
Q

A word-picture of a people. Standard product of field work.

A

Ethnography

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2
Q

Four-field approach + cultural relativism

A

Franz Boaz

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3
Q

What is Culture?

A

Patterns of learned behavior and ideas along with the artifacts and structures humans create.
Learned, shared, patterned, adaptive, symbolic

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4
Q

The process of learning to live as a member of a group

A

Socialization

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5
Q

The process by which humans living with others learn ways of thinking and feeling that are culturally appropriate

A

Enculturation

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6
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Opinion that one’s way of life is the only way

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7
Q

Cultural relativism

A

Understanding a culture in its own terms

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8
Q

Morality vs Ethics

A

Morality- informal public systems to govern and reduce harm

Ethics- statements of conduct

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9
Q

First nations research protocol

A

OCAP- ownership, control, access, reciprocity.

RESPECT, EQUITY, RECIPROCITY

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10
Q

Participant Observation

A

Being part of day to day activities helps you identify and build relationships. Process of deep listening.

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11
Q

Collaborative anthropology

A

Transect walks, focus group and social mapping

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12
Q

4 methods for cutting data to size

A
  1. item level
  2. pattern level
  3. structural level
  4. making model level
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13
Q

Ethnographers have three basic kinds of data

A

what people say
what they do
what they leave behind

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14
Q

3 types of design and Anthropology

A

Anthropology for design
Design for anthropology
Anthropologies of design

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15
Q

Anthropology for design

A

Value of observing at core of anthropology. Videotaping mother= gogurt example. “work around”. how people really engage with their world

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16
Q

Anthropologies of design

A

studying design

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17
Q

What is Kinship?

A

Who we are related to
Why we are related to them
What we owe them and what they owe us..
**fundamental principle of fairness. began with hunter-gatherers.

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18
Q

3 types of reciprocity

A

Generalized- give without expectation of return
Balanced- explicit expectation of immediate return
Negative- get more than what is given

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19
Q

Respect of the ones you give to and respect that is afforded to you for giving

A

Status

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20
Q

You are obligated to give, receive and return a gift

A

Obligation

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21
Q

Obligation to give, receive, repay. serves as means to redistribute perishable goods and items of high value. building alliances

A

Potlatching

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22
Q

5 purposes of money

A
  1. payment
  2. standard of value
  3. store of wealth
  4. means of exchange
  5. means of expression
    * *symbol of state and power
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23
Q

Dutch tulip bulbs

A

a bulb worth 10 years of a craftsman salary

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24
Q

1929 stock market crash

A

great depression

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25
Q

A cashless society

A

India. nullified 86% of all cash in circulation

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26
Q

worlds richest 85 people have as much as ___billion people

A

3.5

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27
Q

Cost of inequality

A

reduction of trust
decrease in social capital
higher violence and homicide “bicycling effect”

28
Q

A typical US CEO makes____ times the base worker pay

A

373

29
Q

Effects of a consumer society

A

decreased cost of living
rising living standards
improving differentiation of products and choices

30
Q

Proctor and gamble

A

Research, development, and communication

31
Q

Louis Cheskin

A

Principle of sensation transference

32
Q

Creating marketing unique to each society

A

Bottom up marketing

33
Q

Using universal symbols and ideas and customizing them to unique societal norms

A

Top down marketing

34
Q

___ is more threatening than shortage

A

Overproduction

35
Q

_____ is a greater problem than shortage

A

Consumption

36
Q

Wold today uses ____ planets to produce and absorb our waste

A

1.5

37
Q

Theory of the leisure class

A

Goods for social gain.
Conspicuous leisure+ consumption.
belief in luck

38
Q

Garbology project is an example of…

A

Inconspicuous consumption

39
Q

Five categories of time

A
  1. Working time
  2. Personal work time
  3. Consumption time
  4. Cultivation of mind/spirit time
  5. Time idleness
    * *running to stand still
40
Q

Familistic

A

ego centric

41
Q

non-familistic

A

socio-centric

42
Q

Consanguinal kin

A

blood

43
Q

Non-consanguinal kin

A

affinal kin (by marriage) or adoption (treated as kin)

44
Q

Parakinship

A

Building a network that mimics a family. survival, conections. Gangs. organized (fosterages) or unorganized (bestfriend).

45
Q

Who said that the function of a social institution is the correspondence between it and the needs of the social organism?

A

AR Radcliffe-Brown

46
Q

Year in which women become persons

A

1929

47
Q

Indian act status

A 
6(1) can pass on
6(2) can not pass on
2 6(2) makes a 6(1) child
48
Q

Bilateral descent

A

equally related through mothers and fathers

49
Q

Unilineal descent

A

people are related either through mothers or fathers

50
Q

A set of kin who trace descent from a common ancestor

A

Lineage

51
Q

A set of kin who believe they descend from a common ancestor but do not trace that descent

A

Clan (sib)

52
Q

A set of related clans

A

Phratry

53
Q

One of two unilineal descent groups, usually phratries, in a society

A

Moiety

54
Q

Joking relationship

A

Radcliffe-Brown. two kids, reciprocal and asymmetric.

55
Q

4 types of residence after marriage

A

Neolocal residence- new place
Partilocal residence- near hubands father
Matrilocal residence- near wifes mother
Avunulocal residence- near husbands mothers brother

56
Q

Polygyny

A

more than one wife

57
Q

Polyandry

A

more than one husband

58
Q

productive specialization

A

berdache people, third gender, doing other gendered tasks

59
Q

A territorial area, politically recognized as a country by people within and governments outside.

A

A country

60
Q

“a set of institutions successfully claiming a monopoly over political rule-making and the legitimate use of violence and coercion within a given territory

A

A state. also provides protection

61
Q

Persuading subjects to accept an ideology that portrays domination by the ruling class as legitimate

A

Hegemony

62
Q

_____is power preoccupied with bodies, both the bodies of citizens and the social body of the state itself. ex census taking

A

Biopower

63
Q

____are ranked groups within a hierarchically stratified society that is closed, prohibiting individuals from moving between castes.

A

Castes

64
Q

Inequality is rooted in

A

Gender, class, caste, race, ethnicity

65
Q

Two key ingredients in a civilization

A

Need for a common cultural framework
Ability to generate networks of self-replicating power
Constructing of “the other”

66
Q

Best known for world systems theory

A

Immanuel wallerstein

67
Q

Nation-state

A

became the ideal political unit in which national identity and political territory are conjoined.

Anth1001 (3 decks)

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