lectures 8, 9, 10, 11.

Question 1

A word-picture of a people. Standard product of field work.

Answer 1

Ethnography

Question 2

Four-field approach + cultural relativism

Answer 2

Franz Boaz

Question 3

What is Culture?

Answer 3

Patterns of learned behavior and ideas along with the artifacts and structures humans create.
Learned, shared, patterned, adaptive, symbolic

Question 4

The process of learning to live as a member of a group

Answer 4

Socialization

Question 5

The process by which humans living with others learn ways of thinking and feeling that are culturally appropriate

Answer 5

Enculturation

Question 6

Ethnocentrism

Answer 6

Opinion that one’s way of life is the only way

Question 7

Cultural relativism

Answer 7

Understanding a culture in its own terms

Question 8

Morality vs Ethics

Answer 8

Morality- informal public systems to govern and reduce harm

Ethics- statements of conduct

Question 9

First nations research protocol

Answer 9

OCAP- ownership, control, access, reciprocity.

RESPECT, EQUITY, RECIPROCITY

Question 10

Participant Observation

Answer 10

Being part of day to day activities helps you identify and build relationships. Process of deep listening.

Question 11

Collaborative anthropology

Answer 11

Transect walks, focus group and social mapping

Question 12

4 methods for cutting data to size

Answer 12

1. item level
2. pattern level
3. structural level
4. making model level

Question 13

Ethnographers have three basic kinds of data

Answer 13

what people say
what they do
what they leave behind

Question 14

3 types of design and Anthropology

Answer 14

Anthropology for design
Design for anthropology
Anthropologies of design

Question 15

Anthropology for design

Answer 15

Value of observing at core of anthropology. Videotaping mother= gogurt example. “work around”. how people really engage with their world

Question 16

Anthropologies of design

Answer 16

studying design

Question 17

What is Kinship?

Answer 17

Who we are related to
Why we are related to them
What we owe them and what they owe us..
**fundamental principle of fairness. began with hunter-gatherers.

Question 18

3 types of reciprocity

Answer 18

Generalized- give without expectation of return
Balanced- explicit expectation of immediate return
Negative- get more than what is given

Question 19

Respect of the ones you give to and respect that is afforded to you for giving

Answer 19

Status

Question 20

You are obligated to give, receive and return a gift

Answer 20

Obligation

Question 21

Obligation to give, receive, repay. serves as means to redistribute perishable goods and items of high value. building alliances

Answer 21

Potlatching

Question 22

5 purposes of money

Answer 22

1. payment
2. standard of value
3. store of wealth
4. means of exchange
5. means of expression
   * *symbol of state and power

Question 23

Dutch tulip bulbs

Answer 23

a bulb worth 10 years of a craftsman salary

Question 24

1929 stock market crash

Answer 24

great depression

Question 25

A cashless society

Answer 25

India. nullified 86% of all cash in circulation

Question 26

worlds richest 85 people have as much as ___billion people

Answer 26

3.5

Question 27

Cost of inequality

Answer 27

reduction of trust decrease in social capital higher violence and homicide "bicycling effect"

Question 28

A typical US CEO makes____ times the base worker pay

Answer 28

373

Question 29

Effects of a consumer society

Answer 29

decreased cost of living rising living standards improving differentiation of products and choices

Question 30

Proctor and gamble

Answer 30

Research, development, and communication

Question 31

Louis Cheskin

Answer 31

Principle of sensation transference

Question 32

Creating marketing unique to each society

Answer 32

Bottom up marketing

Question 33

Using universal symbols and ideas and customizing them to unique societal norms

Answer 33

Top down marketing

Question 34

___ is more threatening than shortage

Answer 34

Overproduction

Question 35

_____ is a greater problem than shortage

Answer 35

Consumption

Question 36

Wold today uses ____ planets to produce and absorb our waste

Answer 36

1.5

Question 37

Theory of the leisure class

Answer 37

Goods for social gain. Conspicuous leisure+ consumption. belief in luck

Question 38

Garbology project is an example of...

Answer 38

Inconspicuous consumption

Question 39

Five categories of time

Answer 39

1. Working time 2. Personal work time 3. Consumption time 4. Cultivation of mind/spirit time 5. Time idleness * *running to stand still

Question 40

Familistic

Answer 40

ego centric

Question 41

non-familistic

Answer 41

socio-centric

Question 42

Consanguinal kin

Answer 42

blood

Question 43

Non-consanguinal kin

Answer 43

affinal kin (by marriage) or adoption (treated as kin)

Question 44

Parakinship

Answer 44

Building a network that mimics a family. survival, conections. Gangs. organized (fosterages) or unorganized (bestfriend).

Question 45

Who said that the function of a social institution is the correspondence between it and the needs of the social organism?

Answer 45

AR Radcliffe-Brown

Question 46

Year in which women become persons

Answer 46

1929

Question 47

Indian act status

Answer 47

``` 6(1) can pass on 6(2) can not pass on 2 6(2) makes a 6(1) child ```

Question 48

Bilateral descent

Answer 48

equally related through mothers and fathers

Question 49

Unilineal descent

Answer 49

people are related either through mothers or fathers

Question 50

A set of kin who trace descent from a common ancestor

Answer 50

Lineage

Question 51

A set of kin who believe they descend from a common ancestor but do not trace that descent

Answer 51

Clan (sib)

Question 52

A set of related clans

Answer 52

Phratry

Question 53

One of two unilineal descent groups, usually phratries, in a society

Answer 53

Moiety

Question 54

Joking relationship

Answer 54

Radcliffe-Brown. two kids, reciprocal and asymmetric.

Question 55

4 types of residence after marriage

Answer 55

Neolocal residence- new place Partilocal residence- near hubands father Matrilocal residence- near wifes mother Avunulocal residence- near husbands mothers brother

Question 56

Polygyny

Answer 56

more than one wife

Question 57

Polyandry

Answer 57

more than one husband

Question 58

productive specialization

Answer 58

berdache people, third gender, doing other gendered tasks

Question 59

A territorial area, politically recognized as a country by people within and governments outside.

Answer 59

A country

Question 60

“a set of institutions successfully claiming a monopoly over political rule-making and the legitimate use of violence and coercion within a given territory

Answer 60

A state. also provides protection

Question 61

Persuading subjects to accept an ideology that portrays domination by the ruling class as legitimate

Answer 61

Hegemony

Question 62

_____is power preoccupied with bodies, both the bodies of citizens and the social body of the state itself. ex census taking

Answer 62

Biopower

Question 63

____are ranked groups within a hierarchically stratified society that is closed, prohibiting individuals from moving between castes.

Answer 63

Castes

Question 64

Inequality is rooted in

Answer 64

Gender, class, caste, race, ethnicity

Question 65

Two key ingredients in a civilization

Answer 65

Need for a common cultural framework Ability to generate networks of self-replicating power Constructing of “the other”

Question 66

Best known for world systems theory

Answer 66

Immanuel wallerstein

Question 67

Nation-state

Answer 67

became the ideal political unit in which national identity and political territory are conjoined.