Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Therapeutics Final > Lectures 72/73 > Flashcards

Lectures 72/73 Flashcards

OTC Primers, Garver

1
Q

cough presentation

A

irritates throat and chest
interferes with work and sleep
can be productive or non-productive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

productive cough

A

wet or chesty
expelling secretions
facilitates ventilation and ability of lungs to resist infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

nonproductive cough

A

dry or hacking
no secretions
commonly caused by respiratory infections, atypical bacteria, medications, and GERD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cold presentation

A

gradual onset of symptoms
common –> sneezing, rhinorrhea/congestion, and sore throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

flu presentation

A

abrupt onset of symptoms
usual –> fever, aches, fatigue, weakness
common –> headache, chills, chest discomfort, cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

referral for cough, cold, and flu

A

fever over 101.5F
new chest pain
shortness of breath (worse than baseline)
worsening or new symptoms during self-treatment
comorbidities (AIDs, chronic immunosuppressant therapy)
infants under 3 months old
hypersensitivity to recommended OTC medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when to refer for skin conditions

A

dry skin
ringworm/pinworm
diaper rash
poison ivy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when to refer for athlete’s foot

A

recurrent
failed prior treatment
expansive infection
including genitalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when to refer for lice

A

recurrent
refractory
under 2 months old
involvement of hair outside the scalp region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when to refer for hemorrhoids

A

no relief after one week of OTC treatment
severe pain
bleeding
sensitivity to OTC medications
change in bowel patterns
family history of IBD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

fish oil

A

uses – hypertriglyceridemia
SE – GI upset, heartburn, indigestion, fishy taste or burp
Drug/Drug – anticoagulants, antiplatelets
CI – active bleeding, PUD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Niacin

A

use – dyslipidemia (not commonly used)
SE – flushing (80% of pts)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ginger

A

USE – NV (specifically pregnancy)
SE – only with doses over 3g per day, can increase bleeding risks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

St. John’s wort

A

USE – treatment of mild to moderate depression (not major), extensive use with some efficacy
SE – vivid dreams, headache, dizziness, GI upset, dry mouth, photodermatitis
Drug/Drug – CYP Inducer, PGP Inducer, Digoxin, HIV Meds, Warfarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cranberry

A

USE – prevention of UTI (not tx)
SE – kidney stones
CI – aspirin allergy (contains salicylic acid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Saw Palmetto

A

USE – BPH
SE – GI upset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Echinacea

A

USE – decrease URTI by 1 day
SE – GI upset, rash, allergic reaction with ragweed, marigold, and daises)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Melatonin

A

USE – insomnia, shift disorder, jet leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

rhinorrhea treatment

A

first gen AH
second gen AH
intranasal corticosteroids
non pharm –> environmental, saline washes, and nasal strips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

first gen AH

A

benadryl (diphenhydramine)
unisom (doxylamine)
PROS – relief of rhinorrhea and sneezing
CONS – sedating, short-acting, and anticholinergic (avoid in ederly)

21
Q

second gen AH

A

zyrtec (cetirizine)
allegra (fexofenadine)
xyzal (levocetirizine)
claritin (loratadine)
PROS – daily usage ok, non-sedating, relief of rhinorrhea

22
Q

intranasal corticosteroids

A

rhinocort (budesonide)
nasacort (triamcinolone)
flonase (fluticasone)
PROS – relief of allergic rhinorrhea
CONS – nasal spray, not good for cold/flu rhinorrhea

23
Q

congestion treatment

A

oral decongestants
nasal decongestants
intranasal saline
non-pharm –> neti pot, fridababy nasal aspirator, bulb syringe

24
Q

oral decongestants

A

Sudafed PE (phenylephrine)
Sudafed (pseudoephedrine)
PROS – pseudoephedrine effective for decongestant
CONS – phenylephrine ineffective as placebo medication, pseudoephedrine should be avoided in uncontrolled HTN, pseudoephedrine may cause insomnia

25
Q

nasal decongestants

A

Vicks VapoInhaler (levmetamfetamine)
Afrin (Oxymetazoline)
PROS – rapid relief
CONS – max 3 days for afrin due to rebound congestion; temporary relief

26
Q

intranasal saline (NaCl)

A

PROS – useful during pregnancy or pediatric patients
CONS – temporary relief to congestion

27
Q

cough treatment

A

expectorants (productive)
cough suppressants (nonproductive)
non-pharm –> honey, lozenges, humidifiers/vaporizers

28
Q

expectorants

A

treats productive cough
Mucinex (Guaifenesin)
PROS – low concern for adverse effects
CONS – poor evidence of efficacy

29
Q

cough suppressants

A

treats non-productive cough
Delsym (Dextromethorphan)
Vick’s VapoRub (camphor/menthol)
PROS – reduce cough burden
CONS – dextromethorphan has misuse potential; camphor is toxic to pediatric patients under 2 years due to thin skin

30
Q

headache/sore throat treatment

A

tylenol
NSAIDs
non-pharm –> honey, lozenges, adequate rest and exercise

31
Q

tylenol

A

treats headache/sore throat
PROS – low concern for adverse effects, unlikely to increase bleed risk in patients on anticoagulants and/or antiplatelets
CONS – commonly in combo products, interacts with alcohol

32
Q

NSAIDs

A

motrin/advil (ibuprofen)
aleve (naproxen)
aspirin (bayer)
treats headache/sore throat
PROS – available in longer acting formulations than acetaminophen, sometimes more efficacious antipyretic and analgesic activity than acetaminophen
CONS – increases bleeding risk, concern for patients with PUD, AKI, and CV risks

33
Q

treatment of cough, cold, and flu

A

tamiflu
pain control
zinc
echinacea
vit C

34
Q

minor wound treatment

A

irrigants (first line)
topical antibiotics (prevent infection)
bandage (consider waterproofing)
monitor (change if needed)

35
Q

irrigants

A

used to treat minor skin wounds
tap water with or without soap
chlorhexidine
hydrogen peroxide
saline

36
Q

sunburn treatment

A

clean with mild soap and water –> cool compress –> consider use of aloe, calamine, silver gel, and lotion –> blisters may require bandaging –> pain control with medications

37
Q

wart treatment

A

prevention –> proper hygiene
salicylic acid (liquid or patch)
tape (takes 4-6 weeks to heal properly, change very 4-7 days, usually over pad or acid)
OTC cyrotherapy

38
Q

corns and calluses treatment

A

all non-pharm
soak in warm water for 5-10 minutes
file/scrape with pumice stone/scraper
lotion, ointment, or cream to moisturize
wear shoes that fit properly
keep toenails clipped

39
Q

treatment of athlete’s foot

A

prevention-based –> good hygiene, moisture-wicking shoes and socks, desiccating foot powders, treatment of hyperhidrosis, and proper footwear
antifungals –> zeasorb (miconazole), lotrimin (clotrimazole), lamisil (terbinafine), and tinactin (tolnafate)

40
Q

lice treatment

A

based on age
non-pharm –> wet combing (with fine comb), machine wash bedding and clothes, soak combs and brushes in hot water for 5-10 minutes, vacuum area where pt has been

41
Q

over 2 years old lice treatment

A

Rid (pyrethrin and piperonyl butoxide)
must be repeated in 7-10 days as it does not kill unhatched eggs

42
Q

over 2 month old treatment

A

Nix (permethrin)
likely also needs to be repeated in 7-10 days –> dependent on initial clinical response

43
Q

hemorrhoids self-treatment

A

eat high fiber foods
stool softener or fiber supplement
increase water consumption
use topical treatments
soak regularly in warm/sitz bath
take oral pain relievers

44
Q

hemorrhoid drugs available

A

anesthetics
astringents
corticosteroids
vasoactive agents

45
Q

anesthetics in hemorrhoids

A

dibucaine
pramoxine
combination productions usually

46
Q

astringents in hemorrhoids

A

witch hazel
dries, soothes, and relieves irritation

47
Q

corticosteroids in hemorrhoids

A

hydrocortisone 1%
relieves itching

48
Q

vasoactive agents in hemorrhoids

A

phenylephrine topical ointment or suppository
shrinks tissue to relieve discomfort

Therapeutics Final (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions