Lectures 29-30 Flashcards
large muscle of facial expression
platysma
innervation of platysma
CN VII (facial nerve)
innervation of SCM and trapezius
CN XI (spinal accessory nerve)
what 2 veins form the external jugular vein
retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein
what vein crosses the SCM
external jugular vein
termination of external jugular vein
subclavian vein
the 4 superficial cervical nerves are ___ branches of the ____ plexus and all come from ____ rami
sensory, cervical plexus, ventral primary rami
cervical plexus nerve to lower neck and head
lesser occipital nerve (ramus of c2)
cervical plexus nerve to posterior ear and skin over parotid gland
great auricular nerve (rami of C2-3)
cervical plexus nerve to anterior/lateral neck
transverse cervical nerve (rami of C2-3)
cervical plexus nerve to skin over clavicle
supraclavicular nerve (rami of C3-4)
boundaries of posterior cervical triangles
upper trapezius, SCM, and the clavicle
roof of posterior cervical triangles
deep cervical investing fascia
muscles that connect the rib cage to the cervical spine
scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior)
scalenes are located in the __
anterior lower portion of the posterior cervical triangle
scalenes attach to the
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
scalenes help form the ___
floor of the posterior cervical triangle
opening formed by the anterior and middle scalene muscles
scalene hiatus
passes through the scalene hiatus
rami and trunks of the brachial plexus along with the subclavian triangle
rounding out the floor of the posterior cervical triangles are the ___ (2 mx)
splenius capitis and levator scapulae
small muscle connecting the scapula to the hyoid bone that divides the posterior triangle into occipital and subclavian triangles
inferior belly of the omohyoid
what separates superior and inferior bellies of omohyoid
intermediate tendon
nerves that originate within posterior cervical triangle
lesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular nerves, spinal accessory nerve, 5 roots and 3 br of brachial plexus
where the upper trunk of the brachial plexus lies
Erb’s point in the neck
boundaries of anterior cervical triangles
SCM, mandible, midline of the anterior neck
roof of anterior cervical triangles
deep cervical investing fascia
runs from mastoid process to hyoid and from the hyoid to the mandible
digastric (post and ant bellies)
runs from styloid process to the hyoid; may be pierced by digastric tendon; lifts hyoid to assist swallowing
stylohyoid
2 muscles close in the space between the two bodies of the mandible
mylohyoid and geniohyoid
“strap muscles” and innervated mostly by motor branches of ansa cervicalis
infrahyoid muscles
infrahyoid muscles
omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid
suprahyoid muscles
digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid
the digastric, superior belly of omohyoid, stylohyoid and SCM divide the anterior cervical triangle into: (4 triangles)
muscular, carotid, submandibular, and submental triangles
secretes hormones to elevate calcium levels in the blood
parathyroid
larynx and its various cartilages and muscles, thyroid gland and parathyroid glands, and cervical portion of the trachea
visceral structures (in ant. cervical triangles)
submandibular triangle borders
ant/post bellies of digastric, body of mandible, mylohyoid and hypoglossus
contents of submandibular triangle
submandibular glands and apex of parotid gland, submandibular lymph nodes, hypoglossal nerve, facial artery/vein
borders of submental triangle
right ant belly digastric, hyoid body, left ant belly digastric
contents of submental triangle
mylohyoid and submental lymph nodes, geniohyoids, external jugular vein
borders of carotid triangle
SCM, post belly of digastric, sup belly omohyoid
contents of carotid triangle
common carotid artery and its bifurcation, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, carotid sheath, first 5 br of external carotid artery
borders of muscular triangle
superior belly of omohyoid, SCM, imaginary line down medial aspect of neck
contents of muscular triangle
infrahyoid muscles, thyroid gland, cervical portion of trachea, pre brachial fascia
2 salivary glands
parotid gland and submandibular gland
the submandibular gland lies within the
submandibular triangle
the parotid gland lies partially in the ___ and overlies the ___
submandibular triangle, lateral side of the mandible
vascular contents of the carotid sheath (2)
common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein
the common carotid artery begins as a branch of the ___ on the ___ side and as a direct branch of the ____ on the ___ side
brachiocephalic artery, right
aortic arch, left
the internal jugular vein terminates to form the
brachiocephalic vein
occupies the carotid sheath in a posterior position
vagus nerve
C3, 4, 5 keep the ___ alive
diaphragm (phrenic n.)
the common carotid artery occupies a ___ position, while the internal jugular vein occupies a ___ position within the carotid sheath
medial, lateral
form from several small veins around the chin; descend in the muscular triangle
anterior jugular veins
anterior jugular veins terminate in the
external jugular veins
the common carotid artery divides into the
internal and external carotid arteries
internal carotid artery supplies
anterior circulation of the brain
branches of external carotid artery mnemonic
“some angry lady figured out P M S”
ext. carotid artery br. that supplies thyroid gland
superior thyroid artery
ext. carotid artery br. that supplies tongue
lingual artery
ext. carotid artery br. that supplies external portion of face
facial artery
ext. carotid artery br. that supplies back of the head
occipital artery
ext. carotid artery br. that runs posterior and behind ear
posterior auricular artery
ext. carotid artery br. that ascends deeply on pharyngeal wall
ascending pharyngeal artery
ext. carotid artery br. that runs superficially over temporal area
superficial temporal artery
ext. carotid artery br. that is the only one that gives rise to a branch that enters the skill via the infra temporal fossa
maxillary artery
