Lectures 1-3 Flashcards
1
Q
*Definition of psychology
A
Scientific study of mental processes and behavior
2
Q
*What makes it a natural science?
A
Use of scientific method
3
Q
Did Freud study psych as a nat. sci? Why?
A
No, he didn’t use the scientific method. He’s been called a philosopher
4
Q
Father of Psychology?
A
Wilhelm Wundt
5
Q
Father of American Psychology?
A
William James
6
Q
Father of Psychoanalysis?
A
Sigmund Freud
7
Q
Father of Behaviorism?
A
John Watson
8
Q
Father of the Humanistic Movement?
A
Carl Rogers
9
Q
Father of Structuralism?
A
Wilhelm Wundt
10
Q
*What is structuralism?
A
- Practiced self-examination
- Identifies structures of consciousness, links within consciousness
- Analyzed how an experience made a person feel
- basic components of consciousness
- Wundt
11
Q
*What is functionalism?
A
- Opposite to structuralism
- Rather than focus on the elements of consciousness, he focused on its functions (functions of the mind)
- Look at consciousness as a whole, rather than individual pieces
- James
12
Q
Behaviorism?
A
- based on observations, behavior
- consequences of behavior
–> reinforcement vs. punishment - Watson
13
Q
Psychoanalysis?
A
- Behavior driven by inner forces (instincts, biological drives)
- human nature is not always rational
- actions can be driven by the unconscious
- Freud
14
Q
Humanism
A
- alternative to behaviorism and psychoanalysis
- unconditional positive regard
–> acceptance of a person regardless of what they say or do, used in talk therapy - behaviors are not controlled
- we have free will
15
Q
Cognitive perspective
A
- focus on human thought and the process of knowing
- memory, language, problem solving