Lecture week 8

Question 1

What percentage of people who have experienced childhood abuse later abuse their own children?

Answer 1

30%

Question 2

Name the different kinds of PTSD after childhood trauma

Answer 2

• PTSD
• PTSD with personality disorders
• Complex PTSD
• Severe PTSD

Question 3

What are the symptoms of PTSD

Answer 3

• traumatic event
• reliving
• avoidance
• negative thoughts and mood
• Hyperactivity

Question 4

What is delayed expression?

Answer 4

it can sometimes take years before the PTSD becomes clear

Question 5

What percentage of patients with PTSD are also diagnosed with PD?

Answer 5

35%

Question 6

What is Complex PTSD according to the ICD-11

Answer 6

PTSD (according to DSM-IV) plus
• Emotion regulation problem
• Negative self-concept
• Interpersonal problems

Question 7

What is fear based therapy?

Answer 7

Fear-based therapy is based on extinction or the correction of harm expectancies and the taxing of the working memory.
Therapy: imaginary exposure, EMDR

Question 8

What is emotion-regulation-based therapy?

Answer 8

You give people the skills to deal with the overload of emotions, and then offer them trauma focussed treatment. Cognitive and experiential restructuring.
Therapy: Schema therapy, STAIR

Question 9

Why does treatment of chronic depression often stagnates in victims of child abuse?

Answer 9

If people experienced traumatic events but do not develop PTSD or it is not diagnosed, and they are depressed over and over again it is useful to check if there were any adverse childhood experiences because this might be the reason that the treatment does not work.

Question 10

How does TFT work?

Emotional processing theory

Answer 10

• Exposure activates network
• New information is added
• New associations are created
• Old patterns are inhibited

Question 11

What is the window of tolerance?

Answer 11

The optimum arousal zone where new information can be added to the memory

Question 12

What happens in TFT sessions?

Answer 12

• Session 1: information, motivation and exploration
• Sessions 2-12:
- homework
- imaginary exposure
- exposure in vivo

Question 13

Who is cognitive therapy for and how does it work?

Answer 13

Cognitive therapy is for patients with deeply ingrained negative schemas with additional psychodynamic techniques.
Thoughts, feelings and behavior are all related to each other. So, in CBT you try to change the thoughts, this influences the feelings, and this, in turn, influences the behavior.

Question 14

What are schemas?

Answer 14

Schemas are mental structures which store and organize our experience to govern our perception and behavior

Question 15

How can schemas be dysfunctional?

Answer 15

Schemas will develop when a child’s basic emotional needs aren’t met.
Schemas that appear from painful experience and lead to expecting new pain. They do not change in response to a positive experience. They provoke maladaptive behavior.
We make the same mistakes, hardly trying to avoid them.

Question 16

What is the goal of schema therapy?

Answer 16

reduce the impact of schemas onto the person’s life and help them to understand and satisfy their basic needs.

Question 17

How does schema therapy work

Answer 17

First, the psychologist and the cliënt create a framework of the client’s issues and discuss it. Then four types of techniques are used

Question 18

What are the four types of techniques used in schema therapy?

Answer 18

• In the therapeutic relationship, the therapist takes care of unmet emotional needs of the client.
• Cognitive techniques work with beliefs and change the way the client thinks of themselves, others and the world.
• Experiential techniques are aimed at transforming feelings
• Behavioral techniques change the way we act when our schemas are triggered.