Lecture Test - Ch1 Flashcards
Master Ch1 Test Study Guide
Contrast:
Anatomy-
Physiology
anatomy-
the STRUCTURE- descriptive; parts, shape, size
physiology-
the FUNCTION of structures
List levels of organization from ‘most’ to ‘least’ complex
- organism (individual person)
- organ system
- organ
- tissues
- cells
- atoms
- chemical
A group of specialized cells similar in function and origin is?
A Tissue
A group of tissues is?
An organ
What is the study of tissues?
Histology
What is the study of the transmission of disease?
Epidemiology
What is the microscopic study of cells?
Cytology
What is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body?
Metabolism (controlled by the thyroid)
What system are the spleen, tonsils and thymus in?
Lymphatic system
What distributes oxygen and nutrients and carries away waste?
Cardiovascular
What system makes and matures most blood cells?
Skeletal
What systems protect against disease?
Lymphatic, Skeletal, cardiovascular, integumentary
What system returns protein and plasma to the blood stream?
Lymphatic
What system eliminates liquid wastes and regulates fluid balance?
Urinary
What system is made of glands that make hormones?
Endocrine
What system contains hair, skin and sweat glands?
Integumentary
What system includes the liver and gall bladder?
Digestive
What 2 systems regulate homeostasis?
Endocrine, Nervous
What system supports and protects, stores minerals, and assists in body movement.
Skeletal
Define homeostasis
The body’s ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite external conditions (constant internal environment)
List factors that would disturb homeostasis
Anything different from your current state
True/False
The internal environment of the body is the extracellular fluid
True
Does extracellular fluid include intracellular fluid?
No
Homeostasis is regulated by what two systems?
Endocrine, Nervous
Describe Negative Feedback
When the body delivers more or less of a substance to return the body to it’s “ideal” state.
What planes of section produce a top & bottom half?
Transverse; horizontal; cross section
What planes produce a left & right?
Median (midsagittal); Sagittal; parasagittal
What planes produce a front & back?
Frontal; Coronal
What planes produce a inferior & superior?
Transverse, horizontal; cross section
What planes produce a medial & lateral?
Sagittal; Median
What planes produce a anterior & posterior?
Frontal
Most of the mediastinum is between (medial to) what two body cavities?
Pleural cavities
The posterior mediastinum is posterior to what cavity?
Pericardial cavity
What is a Mole?
quantity of a chemical substance in grams; weight in grams that equals the molecular weight in a liter of solution
Ex:
Na = 23 gr. (periodic table)
Cl = 35 gr. (periodic table)
1 mole of NaCL = 58 grams of NaCl
pH scale
1 -14; 7 is neutral
What is acid
a substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+)
What is a base
proton acceptors; a substance that takes up hydrogen ions
Denaturing a protein results in?
unfolding of the 3-D structure; destruction of protein
Proteins are made where?
ribosomes
Most enzymes are made of what?
Proteins; amino acids
What may permanently alter proteins?
High temperatures; drop in pH
What is an alteration of proteins called?
denaturation
True/False
Proteins are the main functional part of the cell membrane
True
