Lecture Test - Ch1 Flashcards

Master Ch1 Test Study Guide

1
Q

Contrast:
Anatomy-
Physiology

A

anatomy-
the STRUCTURE- descriptive; parts, shape, size

physiology-
the FUNCTION of structures

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2
Q

List levels of organization from ‘most’ to ‘least’ complex

A
  • organism (individual person)
  • organ system
  • organ
  • tissues
  • cells
  • atoms
  • chemical
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3
Q

A group of specialized cells similar in function and origin is?

A

A Tissue

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4
Q

A group of tissues is?

A

An organ

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5
Q

What is the study of tissues?

A

Histology

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6
Q

What is the study of the transmission of disease?

A

Epidemiology

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7
Q

What is the microscopic study of cells?

A

Cytology

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8
Q

What is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body?

A

Metabolism (controlled by the thyroid)

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9
Q

What system are the spleen, tonsils and thymus in?

A

Lymphatic system

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10
Q

What distributes oxygen and nutrients and carries away waste?

A

Cardiovascular

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11
Q

What system makes and matures most blood cells?

A

Skeletal

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12
Q

What systems protect against disease?

A

Lymphatic, Skeletal, cardiovascular, integumentary

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13
Q

What system returns protein and plasma to the blood stream?

A

Lymphatic

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14
Q

What system eliminates liquid wastes and regulates fluid balance?

A

Urinary

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15
Q

What system is made of glands that make hormones?

A

Endocrine

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16
Q

What system contains hair, skin and sweat glands?

A

Integumentary

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17
Q

What system includes the liver and gall bladder?

A

Digestive

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18
Q

What 2 systems regulate homeostasis?

A

Endocrine, Nervous

19
Q

What system supports and protects, stores minerals, and assists in body movement.

20
Q

Define homeostasis

A

The body’s ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite external conditions (constant internal environment)

21
Q

List factors that would disturb homeostasis

A

Anything different from your current state

22
Q

True/False

The internal environment of the body is the extracellular fluid

23
Q

Does extracellular fluid include intracellular fluid?

24
Q

Homeostasis is regulated by what two systems?

A

Endocrine, Nervous

25
Describe Negative Feedback
When the body delivers more or less of a substance to return the body to it's "ideal" state.
26
What planes of section produce a top & bottom half?
Transverse; horizontal; cross section
27
What planes produce a left & right?
Median (midsagittal); Sagittal; parasagittal
28
What planes produce a front & back?
Frontal; Coronal
29
What planes produce a inferior & superior?
Transverse, horizontal; cross section
30
What planes produce a medial & lateral?
Sagittal; Median
31
What planes produce a anterior & posterior?
Frontal
32
Most of the mediastinum is between (medial to) what two body cavities?
Pleural cavities
33
The posterior mediastinum is posterior to what cavity?
Pericardial cavity
34
What is a Mole?
quantity of a chemical substance in grams; weight in grams that equals the molecular weight in a liter of solution Ex: Na = 23 gr. (periodic table) Cl = 35 gr. (periodic table) 1 mole of NaCL = 58 grams of NaCl
35
pH scale
1 -14; 7 is neutral
36
What is acid
a substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+)
37
What is a base
proton acceptors; a substance that takes up hydrogen ions
38
Denaturing a protein results in?
unfolding of the 3-D structure; destruction of protein
39
Proteins are made where?
ribosomes
40
Most enzymes are made of what?
Proteins; amino acids
41
What may permanently alter proteins?
High temperatures; drop in pH
42
What is an alteration of proteins called?
denaturation
43
True/False | Proteins are the main functional part of the cell membrane
True