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CTR BSC2085 > Lecture Test - Ch1 > Flashcards

Lecture Test - Ch1 Flashcards

Master Ch1 Test Study Guide

1
Q

Contrast:
Anatomy-
Physiology

A

anatomy-
the STRUCTURE- descriptive; parts, shape, size

physiology-
the FUNCTION of structures

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2
Q

List levels of organization from ‘most’ to ‘least’ complex

A
  • organism (individual person)
  • organ system
  • organ
  • tissues
  • cells
  • atoms
  • chemical
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3
Q

A group of specialized cells similar in function and origin is?

A

A Tissue

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4
Q

A group of tissues is?

A

An organ

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5
Q

What is the study of tissues?

A

Histology

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6
Q

What is the study of the transmission of disease?

A

Epidemiology

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7
Q

What is the microscopic study of cells?

A

Cytology

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8
Q

What is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body?

A

Metabolism (controlled by the thyroid)

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9
Q

What system are the spleen, tonsils and thymus in?

A

Lymphatic system

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10
Q

What distributes oxygen and nutrients and carries away waste?

A

Cardiovascular

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11
Q

What system makes and matures most blood cells?

A

Skeletal

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12
Q

What systems protect against disease?

A

Lymphatic, Skeletal, cardiovascular, integumentary

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13
Q

What system returns protein and plasma to the blood stream?

A

Lymphatic

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14
Q

What system eliminates liquid wastes and regulates fluid balance?

A

Urinary

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15
Q

What system is made of glands that make hormones?

A

Endocrine

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16
Q

What system contains hair, skin and sweat glands?

A

Integumentary

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17
Q

What system includes the liver and gall bladder?

A

Digestive

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18
Q

What 2 systems regulate homeostasis?

A

Endocrine, Nervous

19
Q

What system supports and protects, stores minerals, and assists in body movement.

A

Skeletal

20
Q

Define homeostasis

A

The body’s ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite external conditions (constant internal environment)

21
Q

List factors that would disturb homeostasis

A

Anything different from your current state

22
Q

True/False

The internal environment of the body is the extracellular fluid

A

True

23
Q

Does extracellular fluid include intracellular fluid?

A

No

24
Q

Homeostasis is regulated by what two systems?

A

Endocrine, Nervous

25
Q

Describe Negative Feedback

A

When the body delivers more or less of a substance to return the body to it’s “ideal” state.

26
Q

What planes of section produce a top & bottom half?

A

Transverse; horizontal; cross section

27
Q

What planes produce a left & right?

A

Median (midsagittal); Sagittal; parasagittal

28
Q

What planes produce a front & back?

A

Frontal; Coronal

29
Q

What planes produce a inferior & superior?

A

Transverse, horizontal; cross section

30
Q

What planes produce a medial & lateral?

A

Sagittal; Median

31
Q

What planes produce a anterior & posterior?

A

Frontal

32
Q

Most of the mediastinum is between (medial to) what two body cavities?

A

Pleural cavities

33
Q

The posterior mediastinum is posterior to what cavity?

A

Pericardial cavity

34
Q

What is a Mole?

A

quantity of a chemical substance in grams; weight in grams that equals the molecular weight in a liter of solution

Ex:
Na = 23 gr. (periodic table)
Cl = 35 gr. (periodic table)
1 mole of NaCL = 58 grams of NaCl

35
Q

pH scale

A

1 -14; 7 is neutral

36
Q

What is acid

A

a substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+)

37
Q

What is a base

A

proton acceptors; a substance that takes up hydrogen ions

38
Q

Denaturing a protein results in?

A

unfolding of the 3-D structure; destruction of protein

39
Q

Proteins are made where?

A

ribosomes

40
Q

Most enzymes are made of what?

A

Proteins; amino acids

41
Q

What may permanently alter proteins?

A

High temperatures; drop in pH

42
Q

What is an alteration of proteins called?

A

denaturation

43
Q

True/False

Proteins are the main functional part of the cell membrane

A

True

CTR BSC2085 (6 decks)

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