lecture test 8

Question 1

process of DNA sysnthesis

Answer 1

replication

Question 2

process of RNA synthesis

Answer 2

transcription

Question 3

process of protein synthesis

Answer 3

translation

Question 4

universal flow of genetics

Answer 4

One direction- DNA-RNA- Protein

Question 5

where does translation ( protein synthesis) occur inside a prokaroyte cell? eukryote?

Answer 5

out the nucleus for both

Question 6

where does transcription (RNA synthesis) occur inside a prokaroyte and eukaroyte cell?

Answer 6

in the eukarote cell it is inside the nucleus, prokaryote has no nucleus

Question 7

how is DNA copied

Answer 7

DNA polymerase

Question 8

What initiates DNA polymerase

Answer 8

RNA primer

Question 9

adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand, 5’ to 3’ end

Answer 9

DNA polymerase

Question 10

relaxing supercoiling ahead of the replication fork

Answer 10

DNA gyrase

Question 11

Makes covalent bonds to join DNA strands, Okazaki fragments, and new segments in excsion repair

Answer 11

DNA ligase

Question 12

Where does DNA replication take place in bacteria and in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 12

Inside the nucleus

Question 13

strands of the DNA double helix used to make RNA

Answer 13

Template strand

Question 14

strand of DNA complementary to the template strand

Answer 14

coding strand

Question 15

binds DNA at the promoter

Answer 15

RNA polymerase

Question 16

link between RNA structure and protein aa sequence

Answer 16

genetic code

Question 17

how many types of DNA are essential for translation?

Answer 17

3 types

Question 18

transcribed to make 3 major parts of RNA

Answer 18

DNA

Question 19

3 major parts of RNA are

Answer 19

messenger RNA, transfer RNA, Ribosomal RNA

Question 20

Carries amino acids to ribosomes for translation

Answer 20

transfer RNA

Question 21

Contains the information copied from DNA that encodes proteins

Answer 21

messenger RNA

Question 22

3 functions of of ribosomes are

Answer 22

decode mRNA and form peptide bonds

Question 23

true/ false : RNAs and proteins that make up ribosomes are different in bacteria vs. eukaryotes

Answer 23

true

Question 24

a permenant change in the base sequence of DNA

Answer 24

Mutation

Question 25

Mutation cans be 3 things

Answer 25

neutral, beneficial, or harmful

Question 26

agents that cause mutations

Answer 26

mutagens

Question 27

occur in the absence of am mutagen

Answer 27

spontaneous mutations

Question 28

causes thymine dimers

Answer 28

UV radiation