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Hematology 2 > Lecture: Primary Hemostasis > Flashcards

Lecture: Primary Hemostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Complex physiologic process that keeps circulating blood in a fluid state

A

Hemostasis

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2
Q

Systems of Hemostasis

A

Vasculature
Platelets
Clot Formation
Fibrinolytic

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3
Q

Characteristics of blood vessels

A

Vessels should be intact, integrity, flexible and elastic so that
blood can easily flow

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4
Q

It is activated by desquamation and small injuries to blood vessels; rapid, short-lived response; involves tunica intima and platelets

A

Primary Hemostasis

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5
Q

It is activated by large injuries to blood vessels and surrounding tissues; delayed, long-term response; involves platelets and coagulation factors

A

Secondary Hemostasis

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6
Q

During damaged vessel or low blood pressure, blood vessels constrict or dilate?

A

Constrict

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7
Q

During high blood pressure, blood vessels constrict or dilate?

A

Dilate

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8
Q

Innermost layer; Separates or give the barrier from platelets to the subendothelium containing collagen; Source of VWF

A

Tunica Intima

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9
Q

Middle layer; Smooth muscle and connective tissue are found

A

Tunica Media

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10
Q

Outermost layer; Makes your blood vessels intact, flexible and elastic; Connective tissue and collagen are present

A

Tunica Adventitia

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11
Q

inhibits platelet activation and
aggregation

A

Nitric oxide

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12
Q

Mediator (enhancer) of platelet
aggregation

A

Thromboxane

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13
Q

Prevents platelet aggregation; Derived from phospholipid layer of endothelial cells

A

Prostacyclin

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14
Q

Naturally-occurring anticoagulant; heparin inhibits thrombin

A

Heparan sulfate

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15
Q

Counteract thrombin by absorbing
thrombin

A

Thrombomodulin

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16
Q

Exposure of collagen results to what process?

A

Platelet activation

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17
Q

Monitor vessel linings for small holes or gaps, platelets plug holes without activation of coagulation system

A

Passive Surveillance

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18
Q

Blood vessels contract to seal the
wound or reduce the blood flow

A

Vasoconstriction

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19
Q

Refers to the role of blood vessels and platelets in the initial response to a vascular injury or to the commonplace
desquamation of dying or damaged endothelial cells.

A

Primary Hemostasis

20
Q

VWF binds platelets through their _ membrane receptor

A

Gp Ib/IX/V

21
Q

Major interaction is the binding of platelet receptor glycoprotein Ib/IX/V to VWF, which binds to _

22
Q

VWF is stored in _ in platelets and _ in endothelial cells.

A

α-granules
Weibel-Palade bodies

23
Q

VWF Receptor Sites

A

Gp Ib/IX/V
Gp IIb/IIIa
Collagen
Factor VIII

24
Q

Collagen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin, epinephrine, thromboxane A2, arachidonic acid are all examples of?

A

Platelet agonists

25
Q

Large surface available for biochemical reactions in secondary hemostasis

A

Phospholipid orientation

26
Q

Gp IIb/IX/V on surface increase in number of Gp IIb/IIIa receptors on surface

A

Receptor expression

27
Q

Loose aggregation, reversible if stimulus is not sufficient

A

Primary Platelet Aggregation

28
Q

Irreversible provided sufficient stimulus; occurs after internal ADP release, TXA2 synthesis and
release, further stimulation

A

Secondary Platelet Aggregation

29
Q

Factor V, VWF, Factor VIII, and fibrinogen are all example of?

A

Procoagulants

30
Q

Substance for contact activation of intrinsic coagulation pathway

A

HMWK - High Molecular Weight Kininogen

31
Q

Substance that is converted into fibrin for clot formation

A

Fibrinogen

32
Q

Cofactor in fibrin clot formation

33
Q

Assists platelet adhesion to subendothelium to provide coagulation surface

A

Factor VIII: vWF

34
Q

Dense granule substances that promote aggregation

A

ADP
Calcium

35
Q

Alpha granule substances that promote aggregation

A

PF4
Thrombospondin

36
Q

Dense granule substance that promotes vasoconstriction at site of injury

37
Q

Membrane phospholipid progenitor that promotes vasoconstriction at site of injury

A

TxA2 Precursors

38
Q

Promotes smooth muscle cell growth for vessel repair

39
Q

Chemotactic for fibroblasts to help in vessel repair

A

Beta-thromboglobulin

40
Q

Precursor to plasmin which induces clot lysis

A

Plasminogen

41
Q

Major inhibitor of plasmin; inhibits clot lysis

A

Alpha 2-antiplasmin

42
Q

Complement system inhibitor

A

C1 esterase inhibitor

43
Q

Regulates fibrin formation via protein C pathway

44
Q

Regulates fibrin formation by inhibiting tissue factor complex

A

TFPI (Tissue factor pathway inhibitor)

45
Q

Negative regulator of platelet activation; inhibits protein kinase which inhibits aggregation

46
Q

Inhibitor of fibrinolysis

A

PAI-1 (Plasminogen activator inhibitor 10

Hematology 2 (6 decks)

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