Lecture Info Flashcards
What three bones make up the innominate?
Ilium- superior portion and largest
Ischium- inferior and posterior
Pubis- inferior and anterior
List major palpable landmarks of the innominate
Iliac crest ASIS AIIS Pubic Tubercle PSIS PIIS
What are the 4 major pelvic ligaments and what do they connect
Iliolumbar- ilia to L5
Sacrospinous- sacrum to ischial spine
Sacrotuberous- sacrum to ischial tuberosity
Sacroiliac- covers most of sacroiliac joint
What are the functions of the iliolumbar ligament
Stabalize L5
Restrict anterior and rotary motion of L5
What muscle is a part of the sacrospinous ligament?
Coccygeus muscle
What muscle and tendon attaches at the sacrotuberous ligament?
Sacrotuberous ligament
Gluteus maximus attachment
Tendon of the biceps femoris attachment
What 3 accessory ligaments make up the sacroiliac ligament?
Sacroiliac Ligament
- anterior/ventral sacroiliac
- interosseous sacroiliac
- dorsal sacroiliac
What type of joint is the pubic symphysis classified as?
Secondary cartilaginous joint- fibrocartilagenous joint
What are the 5 major muscle groups of the pelvis?
Hip flexors External rotators Adductors Abductors Hip Extensors
What are the 2 major hip flexors and what are the 2 accessory hip flexors?
Major Flexors
- Iliacus
- Psoas
Minor Flexors
- Rectus Femoris
- Sartorius
What are the 4 hip extensors?
Hip Extensors
- hamstrings (semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris)
- gluteus maximus
What are the 3 major adductors of the pelvis?
Adductor magnus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Where do all adductor muscles attach?
Pubic ramus and medial/posterior femur
What are the 3 hip abductors?
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia lata
What are the 6 hip external rotators?
Piriformis Obturator internus Obturator externus Gemellus superior and inferior Quadratus femoris
What muscle contracting can cause sciatica?
Piriformis
What are major anatomical landmarks of the pelvis?
Sacral sulci
Inferior lateral angles (ILA)
Why does the sacrum sit anteriorly?
Angle of sacroiliac joint prevents post movement
Dorsal sacroiliac ligaments are stronger than anterior sacroiliac ligaments which prevents sacrum from moving posteriolry
Which two ligaments stabalize and prevent posterior and superior rotation of the sacral apex?
Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous
What is the definition of muscle energy?
A form of OMT where patients muscles are actively used on request, from a precisely controlled position, in a specific direction, and against a distinctly executed counterforce
Muscle energy is a direct and active technique
What type of movement occurs due to muscle energy?
Isometric- no movement, muscle remain the same length
What are contraindications of muscle energy?
Open wounds
Broken bones
Uncooperative patients
Severe pain in muscle being used
Explain the golgi tendon reflex
Mechanoreceptors in tendons that detect degree of skeletal muscle tension and relay the info to the CNS that results in reflex relaxation
What is HVLA?
HVLA is a direct passive technique that moves the joint in the direction of the restrictive barrier by applying a high velocity low amplitude thrust
