Lecture III: Cells and Tissues Flashcards
Cells could not be examined until invention of microscope in what century?
17th century
What are the cell theory?
1) All organisms are made of cells.
2) All existing cells are produced by other living cells.
3) The cell is the most basic unit of life.
4 types of tissues:
Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
Process of gradual specialization is called ___.
Differentiation
Examples of non membranous organelles:
Cytoskeleton, centrioles, microvilli, cilia, flagella, ribosomes
Examples of membranous organelles:
Mitochondria, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes
Component of cell membranes. Lipids associated with carbohydrate molecules that determine blood type, play a role in cell recognition or in recognition of foreign substances by immune cells.
Glycoproteins
4 concepts of cell theory
- Cell is the basic unit of life
- Organismal activity depends on collective cell activities
- Principle of complementarity
- Cells come from other cells
According to this principle, the activities of cells are dictated by their structure (anatomy), which determines function (physiology).
Principle of complementarity
Sugar proteins
Glycoproteins
Cell structure that increases cell’s surface area for absorption.
Microvilli
Site of synthesis of ribosomes
Nucleoli
Site of most cellular activities
Cytoplasm
3 major components of cytoplasm
Cytosol, inclusions, and organelles
Cellular “pantry”
Inclusions
