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Anatomy > Lecture Exam 1 - Trunk Muscles > Flashcards

Lecture Exam 1 - Trunk Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle contraction always occurs at…

A

the joint

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2
Q

The muscle types are… (3)

A

Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac

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3
Q

Skeletal muscles are…

A

striated and voluntary

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4
Q

Smooth muscles… and are…

A

lack striations and are involuntary

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5
Q

Cardiac muscles are ___, ___, and ___

A

striated, branched, and involuntary

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6
Q

Cardiac muscles continuously…

A

contract

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7
Q

The functions of muscles are… (4)

A

Heat, Stability, Movement, and Control of body opening

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8
Q

Skeletal Muscles attach to ___ via ___ or ___

A

Attach to bone via tendons or aponeuroses

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9
Q

The origin or skeletal muscles are…

A

stationary

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10
Q

The insertion of skeletal muscles are…

A

mobile

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11
Q

The belly of skeletal muscles consist of…

A

muscle mass

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12
Q

The functions of muscles are… (4)

A

Heat, Stability, Movement, Control of body opening

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13
Q

The architecture of muscles are… (4)

A

Parallel, Pennate, Circular, Triangular

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14
Q

Pennate means…

A

Bilaterally symmetrical

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15
Q

The muscles of the trunk are… (2)

A

Epaxial muscles and Hypaxial muscles

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16
Q

Epaxial muscles are if the muscle is… (relative position) with (relative position) rami

A

if the muscle is dorsal to the transverse processes, posterior rami

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17
Q

Hypaxial muscles are if the muscle is… (relative position) with (relative position) rami

A

if the muscle is ventral the transverse processes, anterior rami

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18
Q

Innervation is…

A

the association between the nerve and the organ

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19
Q

Ramus refers to…

A

a branch

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20
Q

The NON-Trunk muscles are… (2)

A

Trapezius and Latissimus dorsi

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21
Q

Trapezius muscles move…

A

the head/neck and scapula

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22
Q

Latissimus dorsi muscles move…

A

the arm

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23
Q

Trunk muscles move the…

A

trunk

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24
Q

Non-trunk muscles aren’t trunk muscles because they’re… and innervated by… instead of…

A

they’re derived from pharyngeal arches and innervated by different nerves instead of being derived from somites

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25
Q

Non-trunk muscles are visible as… over the…

A

covering muscles over the trunk muscles

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26
Q

Epaxial muscles all occur where?

A

in the midline of your back

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27
Q

The epaxial muscles are… (6)

A

Splenius, Ilicostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis, Semispinalis, and Multifidus

28
Q

Splenius muscles have __ parts to it, which are…

A

two parts to it, cervical and one that connects it to the head

29
Q

“Capitis” means…

A

if a slip of muscle attaches to the head

30
Q

“Cervicis” means…

A

if a slip of muscle attaches to the cervical vertebrae

31
Q

“Thoracis” means…

A

if a slip of muscle attaches to the thoracic vertebrae

32
Q

The actions of Epaxial Muscle are… (2)

A

Unilateral and Bilateral

33
Q

The Superficial intrinsic (epaxial) muscles are… (2)

A

Splenius capitis and Splenius cervicis

34
Q

The Superficial epaxial muscles (Erector spinae) are… (3)

A

Ilicostalis, Longissimus, and Spinalis

35
Q

Superficial epaxial muscles can also be called…

A

Erector spinae

36
Q

Intermediate muscles can also be referred to as…

A

transversospinalis

37
Q

The Intermediate muscles are… (2)

A

Semispinalis and Multifidus

38
Q

The Semispinalis muscles include the… (3)

A

Thoracis, cervicis, and capitis

39
Q

Multifidus muscles are…

A

Really deep muscles

40
Q

The layers/groups of the hypaxial muscles are… (4)

A

External, Internal, Transverse, andCranial-causal (Rectus)

41
Q

The Cranial-causal layer/group is also referred to as the…

A

Rectus

42
Q

The function of anterior Abdominal muscles is to…

A

compress and support abdominal viscera, flex and rotate trunk

43
Q

The insertion of the External Oblique, Internal Oblique, and Transversus abdominis muscles is at the…

A

Linea alba

44
Q

The anterior Abdominal muscles include the… (4)

A

External Oblique, Internal Oblique, Transversus abdominis, and Rectus abdominus

45
Q

Tendinous intersections are at the…

A

Rectus abdominis

46
Q

There are __ or __ tendinous intersections

A

3 or 4

47
Q

Rectus sheath covers the ____ muscles (relative position), meeting ____ and forming the ____

A

Rectus abdominus muscles anteriorly and posteriorly, meeting in the middle and forming the linea alba

48
Q

The Rectus sheath is formed from…

A

Aponeuroses

49
Q

Aponeurosis is the… formed when…

A

sheet of tendinous material formed when a muscle effectively inserts into another muscle

50
Q

What is the relation to the linea alba and pregnancy?

A

Becomes darker with pregnancy

51
Q

The Linea nigra is a… (what/where)

A

line below belly button

52
Q

The linea alba is formed from the… that covers…

A

rectus sheath that covers the rectus abdominus

53
Q

The Inguinal Ligament are what kind of rings?

A

Deep inguinal and Superficial inguinal ring

54
Q

The Superficial inguinal ring is (relative position to body)

A

Closer to the surface of the body

55
Q

The posterior Abdominal Muscles include… (5)

A

Quadratus lumborum, External intercostal, Internal intercostal, Innermost intercostal, and the Transversus thoracis

56
Q

External intercostal muscles… (function)

They have the same fiber directions as the ___ muscle

A

Elevates ribs during inspiration

Same as external oblique muscle

57
Q

Internal intercostal muscles… (function)

They have the same fiber directions as the ___ muscle

A

Depresses ribs during expiration

Same as the oblique muscle

58
Q

Innermost intercostal muscles… (presumed function)

These muscles specifically are found around how much of the body?

A

Presumed to be the same as internal intercostal muscles

Goes about ¾ around the body

59
Q 
Transversus thoracis muscles... (function)
Orientation is (opposite/the same as) to the \_\_\_ muscle
A

Depresses ribs during expiration

Orientation is opposite to the transversus abdominis muscle

60
Q

Describe the sternalis

A

not everyone has it, in different organisms its needed

61
Q

The Hypaxial muscles of the Pelvic Body Wall include the… (2)

A

Coccygeus muscle, Levator ani muscle

62
Q

Levator means…

A

elevates

63
Q

The function of the Levator ani muscle is to…

A

Keep the rectum from falling out of the body

64
Q

The function of the Pelvic diaphragm is to…

A

Keep everything from falling out of the bottom of the body

65
Q

The functions of the PELVIC Body Wall Muscles are… (3)

A
  • Support pelvic viscera
  • Raise pelvic floor to help compress abdomen during vomiting, coughing, sneezing, etc.
  • Raise anal canal during defecation (shit)

Anatomy (12 decks)

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