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Anatomy > Lecture Exam 1 - Trunk > Flashcards

Lecture Exam 1 - Trunk Flashcards

1
Q

Serial Homology is when…

A

structures which arise from the same origin

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2
Q

Segmentation is the…

A

division of the body into specific units

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3
Q

A somite is a… that become…

A

block of mesodermal tissue that become vertebrae, ribs, skin, and some muscles

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4
Q

Notocord is derived from… and forms the…

A

mesoderm (embryonic tissue) and forms the central axis of the vertebrate body

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5
Q

Intercostal muscles are located…

A

between ribs

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6
Q

Innervation is the…

A

connections between the nerve and a structure

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7
Q

Actions occur… (where)

A

at or around a joint

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8
Q

Actions are caused by…

A

muscles

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9
Q

The only thing muscles can do is…

A

contract

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10
Q

Flexion is the…

A

change of an angle at a joint

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11
Q

Opposition is only used when discussing…

A

thumbs

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12
Q

The Axial skeletal system contains the…

A

skull and vertebral column

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13
Q

The Appendicular skeletal system is made up of…

A

the limbs that hang off the main skeletal column

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14
Q

Embryotic somites are ___ paired…

A

bilaterally paired blocks of mesoderm

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15
Q

Fibrous Joints are held together by…

A

ligaments

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16
Q

The Fibrous joints include… (3)

A

Sutures, Syndesmoses, and Gomphoses

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17
Q

Sutures are found primarily… and their function is to

A

in the skull and they hold two bones together

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18
Q

Syndesmoses… (function) and are mostly in the…

A

hold two bones together, mostly in the arms and legs

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19
Q

Gomphoses… (function) and only for this

A

hold your teeth in their socket, only for teeth

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20
Q

The Cartilaginous Joints include… (2)

A

Synchondrosis and Symphyses

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21
Q

Synchondrosis joints are… (temporary and/or permanent) joints that… and are made of (type of cartilage)
Their function is to… BUT…

A

temporary OR permanent joints that hold onto a bone
often made of hyaline cartilage,
keep two things together but allow for flexing

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22
Q

Symphyses joints are (temporary and/or permanent) that only occur (where in the body)… and are made of… (type of cartilage)

A

permanent joints that only occur on the midline of the body and are made of pads of fibrocartilage

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23
Q

Pronation is the action when the arm is…

A

extended (palm up) and you can turn your thumb/hand down and the shoulder joint doesn’t move

24
Q

The Synovial Joints include… (6)

A

Articular cartilage, Synovial membrane, Synovial fluid,

Joint capsule, ligaments, and tendons

25
Q

Articular cartilage helps with… and bones…

A

the smooth movement, “helps bones move in “articulation” with one another”

26
Q

Articulation allows…

A

two bones to move smoothly against one another, or two bones against each other

27
Q

The purpose of Synovial fluid is to…

A

lubricate and let joints rub against each other

28
Q

Ligaments connect…

A

bone to bone

29
Q

Tendons connect…

A

muscle to bone

30
Q

The Costal facet is where the ___ meets the ___ and…

A

where the rib meets the vertebrae and articulates with it

31
Q

A Facet is a… where…

A

flat area where two bones articulate

32
Q

The parts of the vertebral arch are the… (2)

A

Lamina and Pedicle

33
Q

Lamina are… faced… that…

A

flat faces (faced posteriorly) that come together to form the spinous process

34
Q

Pedicles are faced… (relative anatomical position) and… (action)

A

posteriorly and come together to form (shape between them)

35
Q

C1 is also know as the…

A

atlas

36
Q

C2 is also know as the…

A

axis

37
Q

C1 lacks the… because…

A

cerebral body since it’s holding your head

38
Q

The ___ of the axis allows rotation around the atlas

A

dens

39
Q

The (atlas/axis) rotates around the (atlas/axis)

A

axis rotates around the atlas

40
Q

Transverse process refers to…

A

the things that are sticking out

41
Q

(C1/C2) rotates around (C1/C2)

A

C2 rotates around C1

42
Q

Foramen refers to…

A

1

43
Q

Foramina refers to…

A

more than 1

44
Q

The Primary vertebral curvature is (age) and is (shape)

A

C-shaped at birth

45
Q

The Secondary vertebral curvature forms the… and formation allows…

A

cervical and lumbar and allows you to hold your head up and walk

46
Q

Name the Abnormal Vertebral Curvatures (3)

A

Kyphosis (hyperkyphosis), Lordosis (hyperlordosis), and

Scoliosis

47
Q

Kyphosis (hyperkyphosis)- is when… and happens to…

A

your spine curves so you hunch over and happens to the elderly

48
Q

Lordosis (hyperlordosis) is a/an…

A

exaggerated lumbar curve

49
Q

Scoliosis is… has a connection to the…

A

is a curved spine that’s connected to the intervertebral foramen

50
Q

Vertebral Support Systems consist of…

A

Intervertebral disks

51
Q

Vertebral Support Systems make up _% of the heigh column and cannot be found ___ or ___

A

25% of height column and there are none between C1-C2 or below S1

52
Q

Intervertebral disks are remnants of… and function as…

A

Remnants of notochord and function as shock absorbers

53
Q

“interspinous ligament” is a ligament that…

A

ligament that spans into two spinous processes

54
Q

Intervertebral disks are a ___/___ joint

A

cartilaginous/symphysis joint

55
Q

Hernia is when…

A

something pushing into a space that it doesn’t belong in; can occur all over the body

Anatomy (12 decks)

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