Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

anatomy and physiology 1 > lecture exam 1 > Flashcards

lecture exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

study of the body structure/ morphology

A

anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

anatomy of the systems of the body; organized by organ systems

A

systemic anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

an approach to anatomic study based on regions, parts, or divisons of the body

A

regional anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

study of external features of the body. deals with anatomical fratures that can be studied by sight (topographic)

A

surface anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

technique used to study structures beneath the skin

A

palpation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

study of cells

A

cytology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

study of tissues

A

histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

study of structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span, from conception to death

A

developmental anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

conception through birth and up to first year of life

A

embryology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

comparison of structures between animals

A

comparitive anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

study of the functions of the body. chemical reactions within the body

A

physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

is the biological study of the activities which take place in a cell to keep it alive.

A

cell physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

is the study of the function of the body’s systems.

A

systemic physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

study of disease processes

A

pathological physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

study of drug actions in the body

A

pharmacological physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

method of investigation by cutting open

A

dissection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

method of investigation by use of a microscope

A

microscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

method of investigation by x-ray

A

radiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

method of investigation by cat scans or ct scans

A

tomography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

method of investigation that uses high frequency sound waves

A

ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

method of investigation that uses radioactive isotopes

A

scintigraphy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

method of investigation that uses magnets and radiowaves

A

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

basic structure and function in living organisms

A

cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

levels of organizations

A

atoms, molecules, organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

aggregation of similar cells joined to perform a specific function

A

tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

4 types of tissue

A

epithelial, nerve, muscular, connective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

a structure consisting of 2 or more tissues that perform a specific function

A

organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

a group of organs which function together

A

organ system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

how many organ systems are in the human body?

A

11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

system consists of skin, hair, and nails.

A

integmentary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

this system forms basic framework of the body

A

skeletal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

system responsible for movement of skeleton and the maintenance of body posture. has 3 types. (smooth, cardiac, and skeletal)

A

muscular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

made up of brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs

A

nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

system contains numerous glands that secrete hormones and chemical substances that regulate body activities such as growth, reporoduction, metabolism, and water balace

A

endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

system consist of heart, and blood vessels

A

circulatory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

system is made up of lymph nodes

A

lymphatic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

system responsible for breathing (lungs)

A

respiratory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

comprised of organs designed to ingest food and break it down

A

digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

system contains kidneys and other organs to excrete waste via urine

A

urinary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

is made up of organs and structures that enable humans to reproduce

A

reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

maintenance of a stable, constant internal bodily environment

A

homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

closed loop

A

negative feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

spiral

A

positive feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

standing erect, with palms and toes facing forward

A

anatomical position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

separates body into right and left halves

A

sagittal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

sagittal plane along the midline of the body

A

Midsagittal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

separates the body into front and back (frontal)

A

coronal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

separates the body into top and bottom (horizontal)

A

transverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

a cut perpendicular to the long axis of the structure

A

cross section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

a cut parallel to the long axis of the structure

A

longitudinal section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

a cut at an oblique angle to the long axis of the structure

A

oblique section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

above toward the head

A

superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

below towards the feet

A

inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

toward the front of the surface of the body

A

ventral (anterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

toward the back surface of the body

A

dorsal (posterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

toward the midline of the body

A

medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

away from the midline of the body

A

lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

at the midline of the body

A

median

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

refering to 2 sides along the longitudinal axis

A

bilateral

60
Q

on the same side of the body

A

ipsilateral

61
Q

on different sides of the body, along a longtiduinal axis

A

contralateral

62
Q

closer to the trunk

A

proximal

63
Q

further away from the point of attatchment

A

distal

64
Q

closer to the body of the surface, away from the core of the body/ further away the body surface, towards the core of the body

A

superficial/deep

65
Q

partitioned by the diaphragm; contaiins viscera

A

ventral cavity

66
Q

associated with lungs

A

pleural cavity

67
Q

associated with the heart

A

pericardial cavity

68
Q

associated with the brain

A

cranial cavity

69
Q

asssociated with the spine

A

vertebral cavity

70
Q

cavities associated with the face

A

oral, nasal, orbital, and middle ear (otic)

71
Q

equals the # of protons in the nucleus

A

atomic number

72
Q

equals the # of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

A

atomic mass

73
Q

atoms with the same number of protons

A

elements

74
Q

atoms of an element with differeing numbers of neutrons

A

isotopes

75
Q

dependent upon the number of electrons in the outer shell

A

inert vs. reactive elements

76
Q

electrons are either accepted or given away

A

ionic bond

77
Q

cations and anions

A

cations(+) anions(-)

78
Q

electrons are shared between two different bonds

A

covalent bonds

79
Q

intramolecular or intermolecular bonds

A

hydrogen bonds

80
Q

large compounds are broken down into smaller ones; catabolism

A

decomposition rate

81
Q

smaller compounds are combined into larger ones; anabolism

A

synthesis reaction

82
Q

a+b= ab or ab+cd= ac+bd

A

exchange reaction

83
Q

ac+bd=ab+cd

A

reversible reaction

84
Q

reactions in which a water molecule is taken away or added, respectively

A

dehydration synthesis vs. hydrolisis

85
Q

dependent upon reactant concentration, temperature, pH and the presence or absence of catalyst, among other things. spped it takes for reaction to occur

A

reaction rate

86
Q

has carbon (chains)

A

organic matter

87
Q

contains no carbon small 12-15 atoms

A

inorganic matter

88
Q

a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

A

pH

89
Q

pH of 0-6.9 has more hydrogen ions

A

acidic solution

90
Q

pH of 7.1-14 has more hydrogen ions

A

basic solution

91
Q

soluble inorganic molecules which will conduct an elctrical current

A

electrolytes

92
Q

water participates in many of the reactions within the body

A

chemical reactivity

93
Q

water is slow to heat up and slow to cool down

A

thermal stability

94
Q

water molecules cling readily to one another; surface tension

A

cohesion

95
Q

inorganic bases contain__________

A

hydroxyl ions

96
Q

inorganic substance (sodium, potasium)

A

minerals

97
Q

3-7 carbon atoms glucose and fructose “simple sugars”

A

monosachirrides

98
Q

2 molecules with the same chemical formula but different shape

A

isomers

99
Q

2 monosacchirides combined together

A

disacchirides

100
Q

3 or more monosacchirides bound together (hydrophobic)

A

polysaccharides

101
Q

structural element of the cell wall of plants (fiber)

A

cellulose

102
Q

long chains of glucose strung together (how plants store energy)

A

starch

103
Q

highly branched chains of glucose

A

glycogen (animal starch)

104
Q

carbohydrates bonded to protiens, or lipids (glycolipids, and glycoprotiens)

A

conjugated carbohydrates

105
Q

composed of a long carbon chain with a carboxylic acid (-COOH) group at the end

A

fatty acids

106
Q

molecule composed entirely of single bonds between adjacent carbons vs. the presence of one or more double bonds between adjacent carbons

A

saturated vs unsaturated

107
Q

one vs two or more double bonds between adjacent carbon atoms

A

monounsaturated vs polyunsaturated

108
Q

fatty acids attached to glycerol molecule

A

glycerides

109
Q

cholesterol and some hormones

A

steroids

110
Q

a diglyceride attached to a non-lipid group via a phosphate group; amphiphillic

A

phospholipids

111
Q

a diglyceride attached to a carbohydrate; amphiphillic

A

glycolipids

112
Q

proteins contain_____, _____, _____, ______

A

nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

113
Q

Composed of amino acids, linked by peptide bonds; essential vs non-essential amino acids

A

protiens

114
Q

primary, secondary, teritary, and quaternary

A

protein structure

115
Q

biological catalysts of the body

A

enzymes

116
Q

combination of protien and carbohydrate molecules (glycoproteins, and proteoglycans)

A

conjugated proteins

117
Q

basic unit of nucleic acid, composed of 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose)+ phosphate group + nitrogenous base)

A

nucleotide

118
Q

dna bases _____ _______ ______ ______

A

adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine

119
Q

rna bases _____ ______ _______ ______

A

adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine

120
Q

the main high energy compound of living systems; energy is stored in covalent binds between adjacent phosphate groups and released when the bond is broken

A

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

121
Q

double layer of phospholipids (plasma membrane) with large globular protein molecules scattered throughout. also regulates substance passage into and out of cell

A

cell membrane

122
Q

passive movement of water from regions of high concentration to low concentration

A

diffusion

123
Q

passive movement of water molecules through a semi permeable membrane

A

osmosis

124
Q

particle concentration outside the cell compared to inside the cell

A

tonicity

125
Q

equal concentrations outside vs inside

A

isotonic

126
Q

greater outside vs inside

A

hypertonic

127
Q

lower outside vs inside

A

hypotonic

128
Q

forced movement of luid across a membrane whose pores restrict the passageof slolutes based on their size

A

filtration

129
Q

movement of a substance across the cell membrane by means of a protein carrier

A

carrier mediated transport

130
Q

passive movement along a concentration gradient

A

facilitated diffusion

131
Q

ATP driven movement against a concentration gradient

A

active transport

132
Q

transports substances into the cell

A

endocytosis

133
Q

vesicular movement of fluids

A

pinocytosis

134
Q

vesicular movement of extracellular substances

A

phagocytosis

135
Q

transports substances out of the cell

A

exocyotosis

136
Q

fluid medium within which cellular organelles are suspended

A

cytosol (in cytoplasm)

137
Q

complex network of interconnected membranes, forming sacs and canals.
transports and stores materials within cell

A

endoplasmic reticulum

138
Q

ribosomes attached to surface, associated with protein production

A

rough ER

139
Q

no associated ribosomes; associated with lipid production

A

smooth ER

140
Q

Spherical particles of protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA); fixed vs free ribosomes.
synthesize proteins

A

ribosomes

141
Q

stack of interconnected flattened, membraneous sacs usually located near the cell nucleus.
processes protein molecules for secretion

A

golgi aparatus

142
Q

membranous sacs

storage and transport compartments

A

vesicles

143
Q

double membraned, elongated sac, with inner partitions

cell’s power plant site of ATP production

A

Mitochondria

144
Q

typically, tiny membranous sacs

digestion of nutrients and foreign particles

A

lysosomes

145
Q

microfilaments and microtubles
thin threadlike rods and tubes
cell support and movement

A

cytoskeleton

anatomy and physiology 1 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions