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Child health > Lecture - Child Development > Flashcards

Lecture - Child Development Flashcards

1
Q

How is gross motor development acquired?

A

Cranial to caudal

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2
Q

How many children walk by year 1?

A

50%

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3
Q

What is the red flag for walking?

A

If child does not walk by 18 months

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4
Q

Which are signs for possible late walkers?

A

Bottom shufflers

Commando crawlers

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5
Q

Name the primitive reflexes

A 
Rooting
Moro
Sucking and swallowing
Grasp
Placing
Stepping
Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR)
Look for asymmetry

Absence, especially of sucking and swallowing suggests mal-development or brain injury

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6
Q

What may be indicated by persistence of some of the primitive reflexes beyond 6/12?

A

Cerebral Palsy

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7
Q

What is the rooting reflex?

A

Stroking the baby’s cheek results in the head and mouth moving towards the stimulus (useful in breastfeeding)

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8
Q

What is the moro reflex?

A

Legs and head extend, arms jerk up, palms up and thumbs flexed in response to a shift in head position.

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9
Q

What is the ATNR?

A

Tilting the head to one side results in extending the arm where the head is pointing and flexing the other.

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10
Q

At which age do children generally run?

A

2 years

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11
Q

At which age do children learn to jump

A

3 years

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12
Q

By which age can children stand on 1 leg?

A

4 years

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13
Q

What is hand regard and by which age can most children do it?

A

Baby is lying supine and watching its hands

3 months

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14
Q

At which age is palmar grasp to be expected?

A

5 months

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15
Q

What is passing block and at which age can it be expected?

A

Pass block or toy between hands

6 months

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16
Q

At what age is pincer grip present?

A

12 months

17
Q

At what age do children usually start to scribble?

A

2 years

18
Q

What can 3 year old babies draw?

A

Copy vertical lines

19
Q

What can 4 year olds copy?

A

A cross

20
Q

What can 5 year olds draw?

A

Triangle

21
Q

What are the components of speech and language development?

A

Expressive: identify things, indicate wants and needs, talk about interests

Receptive:
Ability to understand language in the form of instructions etc

22
Q

Describe what expressive language milestones a <1 year old goes through

A

Newborns cry and startle
3 months - coos, boos, laughs
10 months - dada, mama
12 months - single words,2,3 more words

23
Q

What expressive language development do 2-5 year olds go through?

A

2 - putting words together
3 - 3 to 4 word sentences
4 - name 4 colours
5 years counting

24
Q

What are the big behavioral milestones?

A

Smiling 6 weeks
Feeding self at 6 months
1 year - drinking from cup
Undress then dress

25
Q

What are the domain milestones in a 6 months old

A

Gross motor:
Sit with no support

Fine motor:
Pass block between hands

Language:
Single syllable (aa-aa, coos, laugh)

Social:
feed self

26
Q

What are the domain milestones in a 1 year old

A

Gross motor:
Stand independently

Fine motor:
Pincer grip

Language:
responds to name, says mama/dada

Social:
drinks from cup using 2 hands

27
Q

What are the domain milestones in a 2 year old

A

Gross motor:
Run

Fine motor:
scribble

Language:
2 word sentences (“want drink”)

Social:
Remove a garment (e.g. shirt)

28
Q

What are the domain milestones in a 3 year old

A

Gross motor:
Jump up

Fine motor:
copy a vertical line

Language:
Speaks in 3-4 word sentences

Social:
Put on a T shirt

29
Q

What are the domain milestones in a 4 year old

A

Gross motor:
Stands on each foot for 3 seconds

Fine motor:
Copy a cross

Language:
name 4 colours

Social:
Can dress independently

30
Q

What are the domain milestones in a 5 year old

A

Gross:
walk heel to toe

Fine:
Draw a person with 6 parts

Language:
Speech all understandable and counts up to 5

Social:
Plays board games/brush teeth independently

Child health (51 decks)

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