Lecture 9 - Microbial Biotechnology Flashcards
What is gasohol?
Petrol mixed with ethanol
Give the equation for anaerobic pyruvate metabolism
Pyruvate –> acetaldehyde + NADH-Ethanol + NAD
What are the pros of gasohol?
Uses renewable resources
Reduced pollution
What are the cons of gasohol?
Expensove to distil
What is thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus?
A thermophilic bacteria that ferments above the boiling point of ethanol
What are the pros of using thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus?
Continuous distillation
Uses renewable fuel
What is the major con of thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus?
It uses commercial substrates such as corn sugar and plant starches
What bacteria converts cellulose into fermentable sugars?
Clostridium spp.
What is single cell protein?
Single-cell protein (SCP) typically refers to sources of mixed protein extracted from pure or mixed cultures of algae, yeasts, fungi or bacteria (grown on agricultural wastes) used as a substitute for protein-rich foods, in human and animal feeds.
What is Quorn made from?
Fusarium graminarium
What yeast is used to make bread?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
What species ferments and acidifies milk creating curds and whey?
Streptococcus spp.
How is yoghurt made?
Heat milk
Take precipitates
Ferment at 40C with bacteria
How is vinegar produced?
Plants fermented to ethanol by sachharomyces cerevisiae
Ethanol converted to acetic acid acetobacter
How is soy sauce made?
A mixture of soy beans and wheat is inoculated with with Aspergillus oryzae
Makes amylases and proteinases
Lactose then converted to lactic acid and other sugars converted
