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IDM2003 Exam 2 > Lecture 9 MHC > Flashcards

Lecture 9 MHC Flashcards

1
Q

MHC complexes present ____ to TCR

A

epitopes

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2
Q

TCR specifically recognize both _____ and the ____

A

self-MHC; antigen

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3
Q

MHC Class I structure

A
  • closed
  • one alpha chain (3 subunits)
  • beta 2 microglobulin
  • 1 transmembrane domain
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4
Q

How many chains make up MHC class II?

A

2 (one alpha, one beta)

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5
Q

MHC Class II sturcture

A
  • open
  • 2 chains (alpha, beta)
  • 2 transmembrane domains
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6
Q

Side chains of peptide interact with side chains of MHC cleft via _____

A

noncovalent forces (electrostatic forces, hydrogen bonds, van der waals, hydrophobic)

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7
Q

In MHC Class ___ the peptide can hang over the cleft because it is open

A

II

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8
Q

A given MHC class I molecule will have preference for specific ___ in a particular position

A

amino acids

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9
Q

MHC class I bind peptides that are ___ aa long

A

8-10

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10
Q

MHC genes do not _____, but they are highly polymorphic/polygenic

A

recombine

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11
Q

Peptides that bind to MHC II are _____ in length

A

variable

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12
Q

The characteristic _______ of peptides in MHC are part of the interaction

A

overhangs

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13
Q

Pathogens degraded in the ______ will bind to MHC I and be presented to ___ T cells and result in _____

A

cytosol; CD8; cell death

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14
Q

What are the two types of pathogens that will bind to MHC class II?

A
  • intravesicular pathogens
  • extracellular pathogens and toxins
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15
Q

_______ pathogen peptides bound to MHC II will present to ___ T cells and result in activation to kill _______

A

intravesicular; CD4; intravesicular bacteria and peptides

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16
Q

_____ pathogen and _____ peptides bound to MHC II will present to ___ T cells and result in activation of B cells to secrete Ig

A

Extracellular; toxins; CD4

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17
Q

MHC I are retained in the ___ until they bind a peptide

A

ER

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18
Q

Partly folded MHC class I binds _____ until beta2 microglobulin binds

A

calnexin

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19
Q

MHC class I alpha:beta2m releases from calnexin and binds complex of _______ proteins including _____ and ______ and binds to ______ via ______

A

chaperone; calreticulum and ERp57; TAP via tapasin

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20
Q

Defective ribosomal products (DRiPs) are ______ and degraded by ______

A

ubiquinated; the proteasome

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21
Q

_____ delivers peptide fragments to the ER

A

TAP

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22
Q

MHC Class I completes its folding when ____ binds, releasing ____ and is exported to the membrane

A

a peptide; TAP

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23
Q

In MHC class II peptides come from _____

A

acidified endocytic vesicles

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24
Q

Under neutral pH, _______ are inactive, but when the endocytic vesicle fuses with the ______ and acidification occurs, they activate

A

endosomal proteases; lysosome

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25
Q

Vesicles containing ____ fuse with vesicles containing MHC II

A

peptides

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26
Q

The _______ prevents premature peptide binding to MHC class II

A

Invariant chain (Ii) CD74

27
Q

The openness of MHC class II allows for the passage of _____ region of Ii

A

CLIP

28
Q

The 9 chain complex includes 3 ____, 3 ____, and 3 ____

A

Ii chains, alpha chains, beta chains

29
Q

The second function of Ii is to

A

target MHC class II to be trafficked to a low pH endocytic vesicle

30
Q

Acid proteases initially cleave Ii to remove _____, leaving _____

A

trimerization domain; LIP22

31
Q

Proteases further cleave LIP22 into _____

A

LIP10

32
Q

Cleavage of LIP10 results in ____ of MHC II with ___ bound

A

release; CLIP

33
Q

MHC II molecules bind ____ to allow for exchange of CLIP with peptides. If they do not bind peptides, the MHC molecules are _____.

A

HLA-DM; degraded

34
Q

Structure of HLA-DM

A

alpha and beta chain, no groove

35
Q

HLA-DM binds to the ____ of MHC II, which ______

A

alpha chain near the region of the floor of the peptide binding site; opens up MHC II

36
Q

HLA-DM can remove ______ called peptide editing

A

unstably bound peptides

37
Q

As they mature, dendritic cells upregulate ____ and _____

A

MHC Class II and LAMP-1

38
Q

LAMP-1 is a ____ marker

A

lysosome

39
Q

Class I HLAs

A

A, B, C

40
Q

Class II HLAs

A

DR, DQ, DP

41
Q

Polygenic

A

There are multiple genes that an individual possesses that makeup MHC set

42
Q

Polymorphic

A

There are many allelic variants (for evolutionary advantage) for MHC genes

43
Q

MHC class Ib present

A

glycolipids

44
Q

What is significant about DR, DP, and DQ?

A

they can mix and match alpha and beta chains

45
Q

variability in MHC I is found in __ chains

A

alpha 1 and 2

46
Q

How were HLA genes discovered?

A

Human Leukocyte Antigens - found through antigenic differences in white blood cells between individuals

47
Q

____ is monomorphic

A

DRalpha (Ealpha in mice)

48
Q

_____ is nonvariable in the alpha chain

A

DR

49
Q

MHC restriction is due to

A
  • TCR and MHC interaction
  • TCR and peptide interaction
50
Q

____ help TCR to find MHC II

A

CD4

51
Q

____ help TCR to find MHC I

A

CD8

52
Q

CD1 is a gene encoded ______, is similar in structure to _____, but similar in function to _____.

A

outside the MHC; MHC I (presence of beta2m); MHC II

53
Q

How do CD1 molecules function?

A

Targeted to vesicles to bind ligand

54
Q

CD1 binds ____

A

glycolipids due to hydrophobic channel

55
Q

Group 1 CD1

A

CD1a,b,c

56
Q

Group 2 CD1

A

CD1d

57
Q

Group 1 CD1 bind

A

microbial glycolipids, phospholipids, lipopeptide antigens

58
Q

Group 2 CD1 bind

A

self lipid antigens such as sphingolipids and diacylglycerols

59
Q

CD1s have ___ binding for ligands by anchoring ____ in ____

A

deep; alkyl chain; hydrophobic groove

60
Q

CD1 bind to

A

T cells without CD4 or CD 8
OR CD4+ T cells

61
Q

Group 2 CD1 bind to

A

specific TCR alpha chain (Va24-Ja18) and NK cell receptors (called invariant NKT)

62
Q

Which cells have MHC II?

A

B cells, Macrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells of thymus, some T cells

63
Q

____ produces greater antiviral response with overlapping B/T cell epitope

A

T cell

IDM2003 Exam 2 (7 decks)

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