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IDM2003 Exam 2 > Lecture 15 Humoral Immunity > Flashcards

Lecture 15 Humoral Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Antibody effector functions

A

Neutralization;
Opsonization;
Complement activation

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2
Q

BCR functions

A
  1. Initiate signal cascade by binding antigens
  2. Deliver antigen to intracellular sites for processing/presentation (MHC II)
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3
Q

What are the two ways B cells can be activated?

A

thymus-dependent antigens
thymus-independent antigens

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4
Q

Follicular helper T cells help with ______ and _________. This process takes _______.

A

affinity maturation and class switching; longer

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5
Q

_____ antigens cause B cells to activate quickly. It is ___ specific.

A

thymus-independent; not

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6
Q

The primary response of B cells occurs in ___ phases

A

2

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7
Q

Phase 1 of the primary response involves

A

antigen encounter;
Bcell Tcell interaction; B cell proliferation

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8
Q

What is involved of Phase 2 of the B cell response?

A

somatic hypermutation; class switching

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9
Q

What signals do TFH send to B cells to activate them/control differentiation?

A

CD40:CD40L
IL21
CD21 and CD19

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10
Q

What does CD40:CD40L interaction do to B cells?

A

activates NFkappaB and enhances survival (anti-apoptotic Bcl-2)

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11
Q

IL21 signaling in B cells

A

activate STAT3, enhances proliferation and differentiation into plasma cells and memory B cells

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12
Q

CD21 and CD19 interact with

A

C3b

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13
Q

The concept of linked recognition is

A

T and B cells respond to the same antigen (can be distinct but linked)

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14
Q

T cells in T cell zones have ____ receptors and respond to ____ and ____

A

CCR7;
CCL19 and CCL21

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15
Q

B cells in B cell zone have ____ receptors and respond to _______, expressed by follicular dendritic cells

A

CXCR5;
CXCL13

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16
Q

structure/function of follicular dendritic cells

A

octopus, lots of arms/projections, it acts as a net not a phagocytoser and traps B cells

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17
Q

When B cells are engaged they begin to upregulate _____ and move halfway to meet with active TFH (who begin to express _______). After communication, they _________

A

CCR7; CXCR5; downregulate

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18
Q

Resting B cells -> ______ -> plasma cells

A

plasmablasts

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19
Q

resting B cells do not have a high rate of _____

A

Ig secretion

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20
Q

Plasma cells cannot

A

grow, class switch, do somatic hypermutation

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21
Q

plasma cells have high surface ___ and _____ and low surface _____

A

IgA and E;
IgG

22
Q

Structure of germinal center

A

light zone, dark zone, mantle

23
Q

B cells proliferate at the highest rate in the _____ zone

A

dark

24
Q

Many TFH cells are present in the ____ zone

A

light

25
Q

cyclic reentry into the dark zone occurs due to _____ expression (responding to _____)

A

CXCR4; CXCL12

26
Q

B cells undergo somatic hypermutation in the ___ zone. They drop _____ expression and migrate into the ____ zone.

A

dark;
CXCR4;
light;

27
Q

_______ are present in GC with the antigen they caught. They can present to B cells with high affinity for the antigen (due to ________)

A

Follicular DCs;
affinity maturation

28
Q

TFH will send _____ signals to B cells that present the antigen to them(_________). B cells that receive this signal will reenter the ___ zone and continue to mutate.

A

CD40 (survival);
cross link
dark

29
Q

_____ made by TFH direct class switching

A

cytokines

30
Q

_____ direct isotypes IgG1, IgE

A

IL-4

31
Q

IFN-gamma directs _____ and _____

A

IgG3 and IgG2a

32
Q

_______ directs IgG2b and IgA

A

TGF-beta

33
Q

______ directs IgG3, IgG1, and IgA

A

IL-21

34
Q

IL5 directs ____ and ______

A

IgG1 and IgA

35
Q

Which antibodies activate complement system?

A

IgM
IgG3 and IgG1

36
Q

_____ can transport across epithelium

A

IgA (dimer)

37
Q

Which antibodies involved in neutralization?

A

IgGs and IgA

38
Q

sensitation of mast cells antibody

A

IgE (G1 and G3 to some extent)

39
Q

diffusing into extravascular sites

A

IgGs and A (monomer)

40
Q

opsonization antibody class

A

G1, G2, G4ish, Aish

41
Q

transport across placenta antibody class

A

IgG1 and IgG3
somewhat G2 and G4

42
Q

_____ has secretory component that binds to polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR)

A

IgA

43
Q

IgA and IgG can neutralize ______ and ________

A

bacterial toxins and viruses

44
Q

Opsonization function

A

antibody dependent cellular activation antibody-virus engages Fc receptor to destroy virus

45
Q

C1q can bind to _______ form of IgM (5-10% is isomeric)

A

planar

46
Q

at least 2 IgG can cluster to bind _____

A

C1q

47
Q

antigen:antibody complexes lead to activation of _______ and deposition of ____. _____ can bind and phagocytic cells in the liver and spleen can dispose of complex

A

complement;
C3b;
CR1

48
Q

aggregation of ig on bacterial surface leads to _______ of Fc receptors and activation of ______.

A

cross linking; macrophages

49
Q

Fcgamma R3 receptors on NK cells recognize antibodies ___ and ___ bound to target cells through ___________

A

G1 and G3;
antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity

50
Q

Mast cells and basophils bind IgE via ________ receptor for ________

A

Fc-epsilon,
parasitic infections

IDM2003 Exam 2 (7 decks)

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