Lecture 9- Hearing Flashcards
What is the energy picked up by the receptors involved in hearing?
-vibrations in the air
What are the receptors involved in hearing?
-inner hair cells
What is the range of the inner hair cells?
-20-20 000 Hz
What is the sensitivity and dynamic range of the hearing receptors?
picometers to 100dB (dB= log scale!) (picometers= changes in movement on that scale can lead to detection in auditory system)
What is the receptive field of the inner hair cells?
-certain frequency of sounds, quite large -peak of the wave
What are the 4 key concepts in sensory system detection?
1.Transduction(how is energy captured and transformed) 2.Receptive field (what stimuli can change neuronal activity) 3.Sensitivity and range 4. Resolution (spatial and temporal= what can a system do?)
What is the stimulus picked up by the hearing system?
- compressed and rarefied shells of air -something makes air move= vibrations -compressed= positive on the sine wave and rarefied= negative on the sine wave
- in reality we don’t hear tone sine waves, most sounds are very complex, lot of frequencies together,
What is the perception of wavelength?
-distance between wave peaks -PITCH
What is the perception of amplitude?
-how high a wave is -LOUDNESS
What is the perception of waveform?
-the wave will not be a perfect sin wave -TONE/TIMBRE
Why are people attuned to music?
-music based on scale -speech too -similar to speech maybe that is why we can detect such nuances in sound= as understanding speech is important for social life and function
What is the functional significance of the pinna?
-pinna has functional significance= if sound from in front of you, and same sounding sound from behind you, how do you detect where each comes from?= part of that ambiguity is resolved by pinna= amplify high frequencies from high up -filtering of sounds pina and concha as well
What does the tympanic membrane do?
-ike a drum, vibrates with sympathy of the waves coming in
What are the parts of the outer ear?
- pinna
- concha
- external auditory meatus
What are the parts of the middle ear?
- tympanic membrane
- malleus
- incus
- stapes
- middle ear filled with air still