LECTURE 9 Fungal genomes, genomics Flashcards
What was the first sequenced fungus?
S. cerevisia
What is the size of fungal genomes?
Between 12Mb-60Mb
How many fungal genomes have been sequenced so far?
Almost 80
how may fungal genome sequences is the aim?
1000 Fungal Genomes
web was the yeast S. cerevisiae genome first published?
in 1996
How many Bp, ORFs and chromosomes are present in the S. cerevisiae genome
12,156 677 base pairs
6,275 ORFs
16 chromosomes
In the eukaryotic model system what is the doubling time at 30 degrees celcius?
90mins
What is this genome used to understand?
Fundamental questions in gene regulation, transcription, translation, signalling and cellular transport
What is the second sequenced fungus?
Neurospora crassa genome
when was the Neurospora crassa genome published
2003
Ascomycetes model system used for?
Genetics, molecular biology, genome defence, DNA methylation, circadian rhythms, DNA repair
Genome discovered by?
Beadle and Tatum 1940s
what was their hypothesis
One-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis
what prize was awarded to them and when
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1958
N. crassa and secondary metabolism
- 4 NRPs genes
- 7 PKS enzyme genes
- Several Diterpene metabolism gene
how many species does Aspergilli have?
more than 250
examples of Aspergilli species
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus niger
Aspergillus terreus
what economical importance do they have?
medical, biotechnological, industrial importance
Aspergillus flavus SM genes
- 31 PKS genes
- 28 NRPs genes
- 2 PKS + NRPS hybrid
- 7 Dimethylallyl tryptophan synthase * 1 Pigment biosynthesis
impact of penicillin and derived β-lactam antibiotics
Penicillins & β-lactam antibiotics drastically improved healthcare and life quality post-Fleming’s discovery.
industrial Strains Origin
Derived from P. chrysogenum strain NRRL1951, isolated during WWII from an infected cantaloupe.
where is Fusarium spp widely distributed
Widely distributed on plants and in the soil
where is Fusarium spp found?
in normal mycoflora of commodities, such
as rice, bean, soybean, and other crops
Fusarium spp is known as?
Common contaminant and a well-known plant pathogen
