Lecture 9 (Enzymes I - Substrate Binding) Flashcards

1
Q

Reaction, swapping of functional groups

A

Nucleophilic substitution

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2
Q

Reaction, adding of a functional group

A

Nucleophilic addition

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3
Q

Reaction, changing the # of carbons

A

Carbonyl condensation

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4
Q

Reaction, changing (i.e. increasing) bond order

A

Elimination

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5
Q

Reaction, moving electrons

A

oxidation-reduction

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6
Q

Enzyme class, involved in oxidation-reduction reactions

A

Oxidoreductase

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7
Q

Enzyme class, involved in hydrolysis reactions (i.e. the transfer of functional groups to water

A

Hydrolases

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8
Q

Enzyme class, involved in group transfers

A

Transferases

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9
Q

Enzyme class, involved in the addition/removal of group to form double bonds

A

Lyases

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10
Q

Enzyme class, involved in intramolecular group transfers

A

Isomerases

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11
Q

Enzyme class, involved in the ligation of two substrates at the expense of ATP hydrolysis

A

Ligases

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12
Q

NADH, NADPH, FADH2, and FMND are activated carriers/coenzymes of which enzyme class?

A

Oxidoreductases

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13
Q

Building blocks of NADH and NADPH

A

Vitamin B3 and Adenine

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14
Q

Building blocks of FADH2 and FMNH2

A

Vitamin B2 and Adenine

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15
Q

In catabolic reactions, dehydrogenases oxidize their substrate and use […].

A

NAD+

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16
Q

In anabolic reactions, reductases reduce their substrate and use […].

17
Q

NADH and NADPH carry […] electrons meanwhile FADH2 and FMNH2 carry […] electrons.

18
Q

ATP, pyridoxal phosphate, SAM, tetrahydrofolate, 5’-deoxyadenosylcobalmin are activated carriers/coenzymes of which enzyme class?

A

Transferases

19
Q

Building blocks of ATP and pyridoxal phosphate.

A

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) and Vitamin B6

20
Q

ATP and pyridoxal phosphate are transferases, what functional group do they transfer?

A

Phosphate (i.e. both has phospate in their name)

21
Q

Building blocks of SAM, tetrahydrofolate, 5’-deoxyadenosylcobalamin.

A

Methione and adenine

22
Q

SAM, tetrahydrofolate, and 5’-deoxyadenosyclobalamin are transferases, what functional group do they transfer?

A

Methyl (i.e. SAM is the primary methyl donor in cells)

23
Q

Vitamin […] is a glutamate derivate, is sold a folic acid and donates a methyl from methyltetrahydrofolate.

24
Q

Vitamin […] is metabolically active as 5’-deoxyadenosycobalamin or methylcobalamin and contains cobalt.

25
TPP, CoASH, lipoamide, and biotin are activated carriers/coenzymes for which class of enzymes?
Ligases
26
Building blocks of CoASH.
Vitamin B5 and adenine
27
Building blocks of lipoamide.
A fatty acid derivative and lysine
28
Activated carriers/coenzymes involved in the movement of acyl groups (i.e. ligases)
CoASH and lipoamide
29
Building blocks of TPP
Vitamin B1 and 2 phosphates
30
Activated carrier/coenzyme involved in the movement of aldehyde groups (i.e. ligase)
TPP
31
Activated carrier/coenzyme involved in the movement of carbon dioxides (i.e. ligase)
Biotin
32
In terms of cooperativity: nh = 1 means
No cooperativity (i.e. therefore sites are independent)
33
In terms of cooperativity: nh \> 1 means
Positive cooperativity that is affinity increases
34
In terms of cooperativity: 0\< nh \< 1 means
Negative cooperativity that is affinity decreases